RoadsideThoughts
A Gazetteer for the United States and Canada
Home >> State of Virginia >> Giles County >> Ripplemead >> Genealogy HelperIndex...

Our Genealogy Helper

Introduction ...

We have a couple of goals for our Gazetteer:

  • That it be a tool which helps us with planning our trips.
  • We're trying to shape our Gazetteer as a tool to help us understand the community in which our ancestors lived, the community that was part of their daily lives.
  • On our trips, we try to visit those places where our ancestors left their footprints.

By learning about Ripplemead (and the surrounding area) during the time that our ancestors lived, we hope to have a better understanding of both their community and its relationship to their lifes. We hope that this tool helps to give us an insight into their world.

As we add data and organize our Gazetteer to help with our family research, we will be adding to this our Genealogical Helper for Ripplemead. While we don't have information that is specific to any given person or family, we intend to expand our understanding about where and how people lived.

Neighboring Counties ...

When searching for family records, we have frequently made the mistake of not checking the neighboring counties.

For example, we have great-grandparents who lived in the northwest corner of their home county. During their lives, most doctors and hospitals were in the next county to the west. Almost all of the nearby churches and cemeteries were in the county to the north.

So when searching for records, we had our best success by looking in neighboring counties instead of the county in which they lived:  their home county contained property and probate records; the county to the west contained birth and death records; the county to the north contained their burial records. If we hadn't included the neighboring counties, we would have missed many valuable sources of information.

If you're in a similar situation, we hope that the following information helps.

Ripplemead is located in Giles County.

To see how the shape of Virginia's counties may have changed over time, we recommend the Atlas of Historical County Boundaries.

The following counties adjoin and form the boundaries of Giles County: Bland, Craig, Montgomery, Pulaski, Mercer (WV), Monroe (WV) & Summers (WV).

Below are the counties that are near Ripplemead. For each of these counties, we show a sample of those communities that are closest to Ripplemead:

  • Giles County     (The home county of Ripplemead)
    • The following are listed by their distance from Ripplemead, with the one closest to Ripplemead listed first.
    • Pembroke
      (2 miles [3.2 km] to the southeast)
    • Pearisburg
      (2 miles [3.2 km] to the west)
    • Bluff City
      (3 miles [4.8 km] to the west)
      • Bluff City is located in Giles County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Bluff City
    • Eggleston
      (5 miles [8 km] to the southeast)
    • Goodwins Ferry
      (6 miles [9.7 km] to the southeast)
      • Goodwins Ferry is located in Giles County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Goodwins Ferry
    • Narrows
      (6 miles [9.7 km] to the west)
    • Mountain Lake
      (8 miles [12.9 km] to the east)
      • Mountain Lake is located in Giles County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Mountain Lake
    • Poplar Hill
      (8 miles [12.9 km] to the south)
      • Poplar Hill is located in Giles County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Poplar Hill
    • Thessalia
      (8 miles [12.9 km] to the southwest)
      • Thessalia is located in Giles County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Thessalia
    • Rich Creek
      (8 miles [12.9 km] to the west)
    • Glen Lyn
      (9 miles [14.5 km] to the west)
      • Glen Lyn is located in Giles County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Glen Lyn
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 97 people
    • Lurich
      (9 miles [14.5 km] to the west)
      • Lurich is located in Giles County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Lurich
    • Shumate
      (9 miles [14.5 km] to the west)
      • Shumate is located in Giles County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Shumate
  • Bland County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Ripplemead, with the one closest to Ripplemead listed first.
    • Mechanicsburg
      (19 miles [30.6 km] to the southwest)
      • Mechanicsburg is located in Bland County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Mechanicsburg
    • Round Bottom
      (21 miles [33.8 km] to the west)
      • Round Bottom is located in Bland County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Round Bottom
    • Rocky Gap
      (24 miles [38.6 km] to the west)
      • Rocky Gap is located in Bland County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Rocky Gap
    • Hicksville
      (26 miles [41.8 km] to the west)
      • Hicksville is located in Bland County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Hicksville
    • Bastian
      (28 miles [45.1 km] to the southwest)
    • Bland
      (28 miles [45.1 km] to the southwest)
  • Craig County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Ripplemead, with the one closest to Ripplemead listed first.
    • Captain
      (13 miles [20.9 km] to the east)
      • Captain is located in Craig County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Captain
    • Huffman
      (15 miles [24.1 km] to the east)
      • Huffman is located in Craig County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Huffman
    • Simmonsville
      (18 miles [29 km] to the east)
      • Simmonsville is located in Craig County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Simmonsville
    • Abbott
      (30 miles [48.3 km] to the east)
      • Abbott is located in Craig County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Abbott
  • Floyd County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Ripplemead, with the one closest to Ripplemead listed first.
    • Sowers
      (28 miles [45.1 km] to the southeast)
      • Sowers is located in Floyd County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Sowers
    • Indian Valley
      (30 miles [48.3 km] to the south)
    • Terrys Fork
      (30 miles [48.3 km] to the southeast)
      • Terrys Fork is located in Floyd County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Terrys Fork
  • Montgomery County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Ripplemead, with the one closest to Ripplemead listed first.
    • Prices Fork
      (13 miles [20.9 km] to the southeast)
      • Prices Fork is located in Montgomery County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Prices Fork
    • McBryde Village
      (15 miles [24.1 km] to the southeast)
      • McBryde Village is located in Montgomery County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for McBryde Village
    • Sundance Village
      (15 miles [24.1 km] to the southeast)
      • Sundance Village is located in Montgomery County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Sundance Village
    • Mount Tabor Village
      (16 miles [25.7 km] to the east)
      • Mount Tabor Village is located in Montgomery County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Mount Tabor Village
    • Blacksburg
      (16 miles [25.7 km] to the southeast)
    • Merrimac
      (17 miles [27.4 km] to the southeast)
      • Merrimac is located in Montgomery County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Merrimac
    • Bennetts Mill
      (19 miles [30.6 km] to the east)
      • Bennetts Mill is located in Montgomery County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Bennetts Mill
    • Christiansburg
      (20 miles [32.2 km] to the southeast)
    • Ellett
      (20 miles [32.2 km] to the southeast)
      • Ellett is located in Montgomery County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Ellett
    • Childress
      (21 miles [33.8 km] to the southeast)
      • Childress is located in Montgomery County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Childress
    • Raintree Village
      (21 miles [33.8 km] to the southeast)
      • Raintree Village is located in Montgomery County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Raintree Village
    • Houchins
      (22 miles [35.4 km] to the southeast)
      • Houchins is located in Montgomery County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Houchins
    • Oak Grove
      (22 miles [35.4 km] to the southeast)
      • Oak Grove is located in Montgomery County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Oak Grove
  • Pulaski County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Ripplemead, with the one closest to Ripplemead listed first.
    • Parrott
      (9 miles [14.5 km] to the southeast)
      • Parrott is located in Pulaski County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Parrott
    • Cowan
      (12 miles [19.3 km] to the southeast)
      • Cowan is located in Pulaski County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Cowan
    • Sassin ‑ Historic
      (13 miles [20.9 km] to the southwest)
      • Sassin is located in Pulaski County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Sassin
    • Fairlawn
      (14 miles [22.5 km] to the southeast)
      • Fairlawn is located in Pulaski County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Fairlawn
    • Dublin
      (16 miles [25.7 km] to the south)
    • Hilton Village
      (18 miles [29 km] to the south)
      • Hilton Village is located in Pulaski County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Hilton Village
    • Newbern
      (18 miles [29 km] to the south)
    • Wurno
      (18 miles [29 km] to the south)
      • Wurno is located in Pulaski County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Wurno
    • Pulaski
      (20 miles [32.2 km] to the south)
    • Snowville
      (21 miles [33.8 km] to the south)
      • Snowville is located in Pulaski County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Snowville
    • Draper
      (23 miles [37 km] to the south)
    • Mack Creek Village
      (24 miles [38.6 km] to the south)
      • Mack Creek Village is located in Pulaski County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Mack Creek Village
  • Radford City
    • The following are listed by their distance from Ripplemead, with the one closest to Ripplemead listed first.
    • New Town
      (15 miles [24.1 km] to the south)
      • New Town is located in Radford City
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for New Town
    • Mill Village
      (15 miles [24.1 km] to the southeast)
      • Mill Village is located in Radford City
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Mill Village
    • Radford
      (15 miles [24.1 km] to the southeast)
    • Radford Village
      (16 miles [25.7 km] to the southeast)
      • Radford Village is located in Radford City
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Radford Village
    • Simpkins Village
      (16 miles [25.7 km] to the southeast)
      • Simpkins Village is located in Radford City
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Simpkins Village
    • Sunset Village
      (16 miles [25.7 km] to the southeast)
      • Sunset Village is located in Radford City
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Sunset Village
  • Roanoke County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Ripplemead, with the one closest to Ripplemead listed first.
    • Riverside
      (28 miles [45.1 km] to the east)
      • Riverside is located in Roanoke County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Riverside
    • Moomaw ‑ Historic
      (29 miles [46.7 km] to the east)
      • Moomaw is located in Roanoke County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Moomaw
    • Wabun
      (30 miles [48.3 km] to the east)
      • Wabun is located in Roanoke County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Wabun
  • Wythe County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Ripplemead, with the one closest to Ripplemead listed first.
    • Locust Hill
      (28 miles [45.1 km] to the southwest)
      • Locust Hill is located in Wythe County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Locust Hill
    • Max Meadows
      (29 miles [46.7 km] to the southwest)
    • Fort Chiswell
      (30 miles [48.3 km] to the southwest)
      • Fort Chiswell is located in Wythe County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Fort Chiswell
  • Greenbrier County (WV)
    • The following are listed by their distance from Ripplemead, with the one closest to Ripplemead listed first.
    • Alderson
      (27 miles [43.5 km] to the north)
      • Alderson is located in Greenbrier County (WV)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Alderson
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 1,111 people
      • Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Alderson <1>
    • Frazier
      (28 miles [45.1 km] to the north)
      • Frazier is located in Greenbrier County (WV)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Frazier
    • Rockland
      (28 miles [45.1 km] to the north)
      • Rockland is located in Greenbrier County (WV)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Rockland
    • Fort Spring
      (29 miles [46.7 km] to the north)
      • Fort Spring is located in Greenbrier County (WV)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Fort Spring
    • Ronceverte
      (30 miles [48.3 km] to the north)
  • Logan County (WV)
    • Rich Creek
      (8 miles [12.9 km] to the west)
      • Rich Creek is located in Logan County (WV)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Rich Creek
  • Mercer County (WV)
    • The following are listed by their distance from Ripplemead, with the one closest to Ripplemead listed first.
    • Willowton
      (11 miles [17.7 km] to the west)
      • Willowton is located in Mercer County (WV)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Willowton
    • Elgood
      (14 miles [22.5 km] to the west)
      • Elgood is located in Mercer County (WV)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Elgood
    • Oakvale
      (15 miles [24.1 km] to the west)
      • Oakvale is located in Mercer County (WV)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Oakvale
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 109 people
    • East River ‑ Historic
      (18 miles [29 km] to the west)
      • East River is located in Mercer County (WV)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for East River
    • Athens
      (19 miles [30.6 km] to the west)
      • Athens is located in Mercer County (WV)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Athens
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 890 people
      • Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Athens <1>
    • Blake ‑ Historic
      (21 miles [33.8 km] to the west)
      • Blake is located in Mercer County (WV)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Blake
    • Oak Grove
      (21 miles [33.8 km] to the west)
      • Oak Grove is located in Mercer County (WV)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Oak Grove
    • Princeton
      (22 miles [35.4 km] to the west)
    • El Centro ‑ Historic
      (24 miles [38.6 km] to the west)
      • El Centro is located in Mercer County (WV)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for El Centro
    • Edison
      (25 miles [40.2 km] to the west)
      • Edison is located in Mercer County (WV)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Edison
    • Johnston Town
      (25 miles [40.2 km] to the west)
      • Johnston Town is located in Mercer County (WV)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Johnston Town
    • Bethel ‑ Historic
      (26 miles [41.8 km] to the west)
      • Bethel is located in Mercer County (WV)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Bethel
    • Lashmeet
      (28 miles [45.1 km] to the west)
      • Lashmeet is located in Mercer County (WV)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Lashmeet
  • Monroe County (WV)
    • The following are listed by their distance from Ripplemead, with the one closest to Ripplemead listed first.
    • Peterstown
      (7 miles [11.3 km] to the northwest)
    • Assurance
      (10 miles [16.1 km] to the north)
      • Assurance is located in Monroe County (WV)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Assurance
    • Ballard
      (10 miles [16.1 km] to the northwest)
      • Ballard is located in Monroe County (WV)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Ballard
    • Wikel
      (12 miles [19.3 km] to the north)
      • Wikel is located in Monroe County (WV)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Wikel
    • Wayside
      (17 miles [27.4 km] to the north)
      • Wayside is located in Monroe County (WV)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Wayside
    • Union
      (19 miles [30.6 km] to the northeast)
      • Union is located in Monroe County (WV)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Union
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 539 people
    • Creamery
      (21 miles [33.8 km] to the north)
      • Creamery is located in Monroe County (WV)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Creamery
    • Wolfcreek
      (22 miles [35.4 km] to the north)
      • Wolfcreek is located in Monroe County (WV)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Wolfcreek
    • Hillsdale
      (22 miles [35.4 km] to the northeast)
      • Hillsdale is located in Monroe County (WV)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Hillsdale
    • Hollywood
      (23 miles [37 km] to the northeast)
      • Hollywood is located in Monroe County (WV)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Hollywood
  • Summers County (WV)
    • The following are listed by their distance from Ripplemead, with the one closest to Ripplemead listed first.
    • Mercers Saltworks ‑ Historic
      (14 miles [22.5 km] to the northwest)
      • Mercers Saltworks is located in Summers County (WV)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Mercers Saltworks
    • Forest Hill
      (17 miles [27.4 km] to the north)
    • Bargers Springs
      (19 miles [30.6 km] to the north)
      • Bargers Springs is located in Summers County (WV)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Bargers Springs
    • Buck
      (19 miles [30.6 km] to the northwest)
      • Buck is located in Summers County (WV)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Buck
    • Pipestem
      (20 miles [32.2 km] to the northwest)
    • Hilldale
      (21 miles [33.8 km] to the north)
      • Hilldale is located in Summers County (WV)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Hilldale
    • True
      (21 miles [33.8 km] to the northwest)
      • True is located in Summers County (WV)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for True
    • Lowell
      (22 miles [35.4 km] to the north)
      • Lowell is located in Summers County (WV)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Lowell
    • Talcott
      (22 miles [35.4 km] to the north)
    • Riffe
      (23 miles [37 km] to the north)
      • Riffe is located in Summers County (WV)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Riffe
    • Packs Ferry
      (23 miles [37 km] to the northwest)
      • Packs Ferry is located in Summers County (WV)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Packs Ferry
    • Bellepoint
      (24 miles [38.6 km] to the northwest)
      • Bellepoint is located in Summers County (WV)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Bellepoint
    • Brooklin
      (25 miles [40.2 km] to the northwest)
      • Brooklin is located in Summers County (WV)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Brooklin

For an expanded list of the communities that are closest to Ripplemead, see our County-by-County Page for Ripplemead.

Cemeteries Near Ripplemead ...

Below are cemeteries that are in the vicinity of Ripplemead.

This is a new section and is likely to have errors. If you find an error, such as a missing cemetery or we have the wrong name, please let us know. If you know of them, we would also appreciate learning about previous or alternate names.

Although we don't have the information ourselves, if you need information about a burial or interment, photos, transcripts, how to contact the cemetery or local authorities, please visit our list of websites on our Genealogy Helper Page for Ripplemead - one of the links might be able to help.

If not found below, our Cemetery List for Ripplemead covers a larger area, with the cemeteries listed in alphabetical order.

The following cemeteries are listed based on their distance from Ripplemead, with the one closest to Ripplemead listed first.

  • Mason French Cemetery
    (Less than 2 miles to the west)
  • Birchlawn Burial Park
    (Less than 2 miles to the southwest)
  • Snidow Cemetery
    (Less than 2 miles to the north)
  • Snider Cemetery
    (2 miles [3.2 km] to the southeast)
  • Snidow Cemetery
    (2 miles [3.2 km] to the east)
  • Reed Cemetery
    (3 miles [4.8 km] to the north)
  • Pleasant Hill Cemetery
    (4 miles [6.4 km] to the south)
  • Anderson Cemetery
    (4 miles [6.4 km] to the southeast)
  • Walker Cemetery
    (4 miles [6.4 km] to the southeast)
  • Mt. Lebanon Cemetery
    (4 miles [6.4 km] to the east)
  • Hoges Chapel Cemetery
    (4 miles [6.4 km] to the east)
  • Woolwine Cemetery
    (5 miles [8 km] to the west)
  • Continue List   (301 more) ...
    • Wilburn Valley Cemetery
      (6 miles [9.7 km] to the southwest)
    • Eatons Chapel Cemetery
      (6 miles [9.7 km] to the southwest)
    • Staffordsville Cemetery
      (6 miles [9.7 km] to the south)

Nearby Communities in 1895 ...

We've built the following list with information that came from an Atlas published by Rand McNally in 1895. The Atlas had details such as the population of the community (which appears to have come from the 1890 Census) and whether there was a post office and/or railroad service available. We also indicate if the community no longer exists and is now historic.<2>

The Rand McNally Atlas shows that Ripplemead had a population of 17 people in 1895 with a post office and railroad service.

These communities are listed based on their distance from Ripplemead, with the one closest to Ripplemead listed first.

  • Pearisburg
    (2 miles [3.2 km] to the west)
  • Pembroke
    (2 miles [3.2 km] to the southeast)
  • Kimballton
    (2 miles [3.2 km] to the north)
    • Kimballton is located in Giles County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Kimballton
  • Bluff City
    (3 miles [4.8 km] to the west)
    • Bluff City is located in Giles County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Bluff City
  • Prospectdale
    (5 miles [8 km] to the southwest)
    • Prospectdale is located in Giles County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Prospectdale
  • Bane
    (5 miles [8 km] to the south)
    • Bane is located in Giles County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Bane
  • Eggleston
    (5 miles [8 km] to the southeast)
  • Staffordsville
    (6 miles [9.7 km] to the south)
    • Staffordsville is located in Giles County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Staffordsville
  • Trigg
    (6 miles [9.7 km] to the south)
    • Trigg is located in Giles County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Trigg
  • Goodwins Ferry
    (6 miles [9.7 km] to the southeast)
    • Goodwins Ferry is located in Giles County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Goodwins Ferry
  • Narrows
    (6 miles [9.7 km] to the west)
  • Peterstown
    (7 miles [11.3 km] to the northwest)
  • Continue List   (19 more) ...
    • Thessalia
      (8 miles [12.9 km] to the southwest)
      • Thessalia is located in Giles County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Thessalia
    • Wabash ‑ Historic
      (8 miles [12.9 km] to the south)
      • Wabash is located in Giles County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Wabash
    • Poplar Hill
      (8 miles [12.9 km] to the south)
      • Poplar Hill is located in Giles County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Poplar Hill

We've also created an expanded list of communities that existed in the 1890's and were located in the area around Ripplemead. See our List of 1890's Communities around Ripplemead.

Newspapers Published in Ripplemead ...

An ongoing effort between the Library of Congress and the National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) has resulted in the National Digital Newspaper Program (NDNP).

To share their results, the partnership has created the Chronicling America website. The goal of this partnership is to assemble a database about the current and historic newspapers of the United States. This includes a growing collection of scanned images from selected papers. All of it available to the public on their website.

Using information that we've taken from the Chronicling America website, we've identified 30 newspapers that have been published in the area around Ripplemead.

Although we're unaware of any newspapers that were published in the immediate area of Ripplemead, there are papers which were published within 16 miles [25.7 km]<3>. A list of those papers, sorted by paper name, can be found on the Extended Newspaper List for Ripplemead.

Websites to Help With Your Genealogy Research ...

When we do our genealogical research, we like to start with the websites from Cyndi's List, FamilySearch and Genealogy Trails. These websites either offer the information directly or else point to where you can find it. Their information is open to everyone.

To help you get started, the following links will take you to the pages that are relevant to Ripplemead:

Footnotes ...

<1>While we're fans and frequent users of TripAdvisor, you should know that we're also members of the TripAdvisor affiliate program.
<2>We use the term 'Historic' broadly and it generally means that the community no longer exists. However, it can also mean that the community might still exist, but was significantly larger or had a more 'official' existence in the past than it does now. Unfortunately our sources of data have proven to be unreliable. If you can provide us with more specific information about Ripplemead, please let us know so that we can improve our accuracy.
<3>Our distances are not driving distances, but are calculated as a 'straight-line' (or point-to-point) distance. A straight line distance ignores obstructions like rivers, canyons, lakes, et cetera - it's truly a line drawn from Point A (ie- Ripplemead) to Point B. In other words: 'As the crow flies'.