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Our Genealogy Helper

Introduction ...

We have a couple of goals for our Gazetteer:

  • That it be a tool which helps us with planning our trips.
  • We're trying to shape our Gazetteer as a tool to help us understand the community in which our ancestors lived, the community that was part of their daily lives.
  • On our trips, we try to visit those places where our ancestors left their footprints.

By learning about Keltonburg (and the surrounding area) during the time that our ancestors lived, we hope to have a better understanding of both their community and its relationship to their lifes. We hope that this tool helps to give us an insight into their world.

As we add data and organize our Gazetteer to help with our family research, we will be adding to this our Genealogical Helper for Keltonburg. While we don't have information that is specific to any given person or family, we intend to expand our understanding about where and how people lived.

Neighboring Counties ...

When searching for family records, we have frequently made the mistake of not checking the neighboring counties.

For example, we have great-grandparents who lived in the northeast corner of their home county. During their lives, most doctors were in the next county to the east. Almost all of the nearby churches and cemeteries were in the county to the north.

So when searching for records, we had our best success by looking in neighboring counties instead of the county in which they lived:  their home county contained property and probate records; the county to the east contained birth and death records; the county to the north contained their burial records. If we hadn't included the neighboring counties, we would have missed many valuable sources of information.

If you're in a similar situation, we hope that the following information helps.

Keltonburg is located in DeKalb County.

To see how the shape of Tennessee's counties may have changed over time, we recommend the Atlas of Historical County Boundaries.

The following counties adjoin and form the boundaries of DeKalb County: Cannon, Putnam, Smith, Warren, White & Wilson.

Below are the counties that are near Keltonburg. For each of these counties, we show a sample of those communities that are closest to Keltonburg:

  • DeKalb County     (The home county of Keltonburg)
    • The following are listed by their distance from Keltonburg, with the one closest to Keltonburg listed first.
    • Young Bend
      (3 miles [4.8 km] to the north)
      • Young Bend is located in DeKalb County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Young Bend
      • Estimated population in 2014: 279 people
    • Bear Branch ‑ Historic
      (3 miles [4.8 km] to the southwest)
      • Bear Branch is located in DeKalb County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Bear Branch
    • Smithville
      (6 miles [9.7 km] to the northwest)
    • Philippi
      (7 miles [11.3 km] to the north)
      • Philippi is located in DeKalb County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Philippi
    • Johnsons Chapel
      (9 miles [14.5 km] to the northeast)
      • Johnsons Chapel is located in DeKalb County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Johnsons Chapel
    • Youngblood ‑ Historic
      (10 miles [16.1 km] to the northwest)
      • Youngblood is located in DeKalb County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Youngblood
    • Dowelltown
      (14 miles [22.5 km] to the northwest)
    • Liberty
      (15 miles [24.1 km] to the northwest)
      • Liberty is located in DeKalb County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Liberty
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 330 people
    • Temperance Hall
      (16 miles [25.7 km] to the northwest)
      • Temperance Hall is located in DeKalb County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Temperance Hall
      • Population from the 2010 Census: 5,791 people
    • Alexandria
      (21 miles [33.8 km] to the northwest)
  • Cannon County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Keltonburg, with the one closest to Keltonburg listed first.
    • Woods
      (11 miles [17.7 km] to the west)
      • Woods is located in Cannon County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Woods
    • Thomas Town ‑ Historic
      (13 miles [20.9 km] to the west)
      • Thomas Town is located in Cannon County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Thomas Town
    • Gassaway
      (14 miles [22.5 km] to the west)
      • Gassaway is located in Cannon County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Gassaway
    • Bluewing
      (15 miles [24.1 km] to the southwest)
      • Bluewing is located in Cannon County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Bluewing
    • Manus Town ‑ Historic
      (15 miles [24.1 km] to the southwest)
      • Manus Town is located in Cannon County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Manus Town
    • Woodbury
      (18 miles [29 km] to the west)
    • Auburntown
      (20 miles [32.2 km] to the west)
      • Auburntown is located in Cannon County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Auburntown
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 266 people
    • Burt
      (22 miles [35.4 km] to the west)
      • Burt is located in Cannon County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Burt
    • Burgen
      (23 miles [37 km] to the southwest)
      • Burgen is located in Cannon County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Burgen
    • Hollow Springs
      (25 miles [40.2 km] to the southwest)
      • Hollow Springs is located in Cannon County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Hollow Springs
      • Estimated population in 2014: 706 people
    • Bradyville
      (25 miles [40.2 km] to the west)
      • Bradyville is located in Cannon County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Bradyville
  • Coffee County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Keltonburg, with the one closest to Keltonburg listed first.
    • Naola ‑ Historic
      (22 miles [35.4 km] to the southwest)
      • Naola is located in Coffee County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Naola
    • Winton Town
      (29 miles [46.7 km] to the south)
      • Winton Town is located in Coffee County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Winton Town
    • Forest Mill
      (29 miles [46.7 km] to the southwest)
      • Forest Mill is located in Coffee County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Forest Mill
    • Teal ‑ Historic
      (29 miles [46.7 km] to the southwest)
      • Teal is located in Coffee County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Teal
    • Gossburg
      (30 miles [48.3 km] to the southwest)
      • Gossburg is located in Coffee County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Gossburg
    • New Union
      (30 miles [48.3 km] to the southwest)
      • New Union is located in Coffee County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for New Union
      • Population from the 2010 Census: 1,431 people
  • Cumberland County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Keltonburg, with the one closest to Keltonburg listed first.
    • Neverfail ‑ Historic
      (29 miles [46.7 km] to the east)
      • Neverfail is located in Cumberland County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Neverfail
    • Todd Town
      (29 miles [46.7 km] to the east)
      • Todd Town is located in Cumberland County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Todd Town
    • Newton
      (30 miles [48.3 km] to the east)
      • Newton is located in Cumberland County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Newton
      • Estimated population in 2014: 2,968 people
      • Newton has also been known as:
      • Peay
  • Grundy County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Keltonburg, with the one closest to Keltonburg listed first.
    • Beersheba Springs
      (29 miles [46.7 km] to the south)
      • Beersheba Springs is located in Grundy County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Beersheba Springs
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 461 people
    • Altamont
      (30 miles [48.3 km] to the south)
  • Jackson County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Keltonburg, with the one closest to Keltonburg listed first.
    • Nameless
      (26 miles [41.8 km] to the north)
      • Nameless is located in Jackson County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Nameless
    • Mayfield ‑ Historic
      (28 miles [45.1 km] to the north)
      • Mayfield is located in Jackson County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Mayfield
  • Putnam County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Keltonburg, with the one closest to Keltonburg listed first.
    • Burton
      (13 miles [20.9 km] to the north)
      • Burton is located in Putnam County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Burton
    • Boiling Springs
      (16 miles [25.7 km] to the northeast)
      • Boiling Springs is located in Putnam County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Boiling Springs
    • Boma
      (17 miles [27.4 km] to the north)
      • Boma is located in Putnam County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Boma
    • Ditty
      (17 miles [27.4 km] to the northeast)
      • Ditty is located in Putnam County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Ditty
    • Burgess
      (18 miles [29 km] to the northeast)
      • Burgess is located in Putnam County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Burgess
    • Huntland
      (18 miles [29 km] to the northeast)
      • Huntland is located in Putnam County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Huntland
      • Estimated population in 2014: 860 people
    • Baxter
      (20 miles [32.2 km] to the north)
    • Lafayette
      (21 miles [33.8 km] to the north)
      • Lafayette is located in Putnam County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Lafayette
      • Estimated population in 2014: 4,962 people
    • Pekin ‑ Historic
      (21 miles [33.8 km] to the north)
      • Pekin is located in Putnam County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Pekin
      • Estimated population in 2014: 2,114 people
    • Southtown Village
      (21 miles [33.8 km] to the northeast)
      • Southtown Village is located in Putnam County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Southtown Village
    • Burnett
      (23 miles [37 km] to the northeast)
      • Burnett is located in Putnam County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Burnett
      • Estimated population in 2014: 418 people
    • Cookeville
      (23 miles [37 km] to the northeast)
    • Park Village
      (25 miles [40.2 km] to the northeast)
      • Park Village is located in Putnam County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Park Village
  • Rutherford County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Keltonburg, with the one closest to Keltonburg listed first.
    • Milton
      (24 miles [38.6 km] to the west)
      • Milton is located in Rutherford County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Milton
    • Readyville
      (24 miles [38.6 km] to the west)
    • Kittrell
      (28 miles [45.1 km] to the west)
      • Kittrell is located in Rutherford County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Kittrell
  • Smith County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Keltonburg, with the one closest to Keltonburg listed first.
    • Hickman
      (21 miles [33.8 km] to the northwest)
      • Hickman is located in Smith County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Hickman
    • Chestnut Mound
      (22 miles [35.4 km] to the north)
      • Chestnut Mound is located in Smith County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Chestnut Mound
    • Brush Creek
      (22 miles [35.4 km] to the northwest)
      • Brush Creek is located in Smith County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Brush Creek
    • Gordonsville
      (22 miles [35.4 km] to the northwest)
    • Bluff Creek
      (26 miles [41.8 km] to the northwest)
      • Bluff Creek is located in Smith County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Bluff Creek
      • Estimated population in 2014: 1,734 people
    • Shaver Town
      (26 miles [41.8 km] to the northwest)
      • Shaver Town is located in Smith County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Shaver Town
    • South Carthage
      (27 miles [43.5 km] to the northwest)
      • South Carthage is located in Smith County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for South Carthage
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 1,406 people
    • Carthage
      (28 miles [45.1 km] to the northwest)
  • Van Buren County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Keltonburg, with the one closest to Keltonburg listed first.
    • Bone Cave
      (11 miles [17.7 km] to the southeast)
      • Bone Cave is located in Van Buren County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Bone Cave
    • Laurelburg
      (14 miles [22.5 km] to the southeast)
      • Laurelburg is located in Van Buren County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Laurelburg
    • Cummingsville
      (16 miles [25.7 km] to the east)
      • Cummingsville is located in Van Buren County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Cummingsville
    • Meade ‑ Historic
      (16 miles [25.7 km] to the east)
      • Meade is located in Van Buren County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Meade
    • Spencer
      (18 miles [29 km] to the southeast)
    • Sweetgum
      (19 miles [30.6 km] to the east)
      • Sweetgum is located in Van Buren County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Sweetgum
    • Sopha ‑ Historic
      (19 miles [30.6 km] to the southeast)
      • Sopha is located in Van Buren County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Sopha
      • Estimated population in 2014: 3,104 people
    • Chalybeate
      (25 miles [40.2 km] to the southeast)
      • Chalybeate is located in Van Buren County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Chalybeate
  • Warren County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Keltonburg, with the one closest to Keltonburg listed first.
    • Horseshoe Falls ‑ Historic
      (5 miles [8 km] to the southeast)
      • Horseshoe Falls is located in Warren County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Horseshoe Falls
    • Dibrell
      (5 miles [8 km] to the southwest)
      • Dibrell is located in Warren County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Dibrell
    • Gath
      (6 miles [9.7 km] to the south)
      • Gath is located in Warren County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Gath
    • Fall City
      (7 miles [11.3 km] to the southeast)
      • Fall City is located in Warren County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Fall City
    • Lucky
      (7 miles [11.3 km] to the southwest)
      • Lucky is located in Warren County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Lucky
    • Rowland
      (9 miles [14.5 km] to the south)
      • Rowland is located in Warren County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Rowland
    • Campaign
      (9 miles [14.5 km] to the southeast)
      • Campaign is located in Warren County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Campaign
    • Rowland Station ‑ Historic
      (9 miles [14.5 km] to the southeast)
      • Rowland Station is located in Warren County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Rowland Station
    • Daylight
      (10 miles [16.1 km] to the southwest)
      • Daylight is located in Warren County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Daylight
    • Hillis ‑ Historic
      (12 miles [19.3 km] to the southeast)
      • Hillis is located in Warren County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Hillis
    • McMinnville
      (13 miles [20.9 km] to the south)
    • Shellsford
      (14 miles [22.5 km] to the south)
      • Shellsford is located in Warren County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Shellsford
    • Centertown
      (14 miles [22.5 km] to the southwest)
      • Centertown is located in Warren County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Centertown
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 256 people
  • White County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Keltonburg, with the one closest to Keltonburg listed first.
    • Drop ‑ Historic
      (6 miles [9.7 km] to the northeast)
      • Drop is located in White County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Drop
    • Pollard ‑ Historic
      (7 miles [11.3 km] to the east)
      • Pollard is located in White County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Pollard
    • Peeled Chestnut
      (7 miles [11.3 km] to the northeast)
      • Peeled Chestnut is located in White County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Peeled Chestnut
    • Darkey Springs
      (8 miles [12.9 km] to the east)
      • Darkey Springs is located in White County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Darkey Springs
    • Quebeck
      (10 miles [16.1 km] to the east)
    • Fanchers Mills
      (11 miles [17.7 km] to the northeast)
      • Fanchers Mills is located in White County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Fanchers Mills
    • Doyle
      (13 miles [20.9 km] to the east)
      • Doyle is located in White County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Doyle
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 587 people
    • Methodist ‑ Historic
      (14 miles [22.5 km] to the east)
      • Methodist is located in White County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Methodist
    • Sparta
      (16 miles [25.7 km] to the east)
    • Macedonia
      (16 miles [25.7 km] to the northeast)
      • Macedonia is located in White County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Macedonia
    • Cherry Creek
      (19 miles [30.6 km] to the northeast)
      • Cherry Creek is located in White County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Cherry Creek
    • Clarktown
      (24 miles [38.6 km] to the east)
      • Clarktown is located in White County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Clarktown
      • Estimated population in 2014: 146,806 people
    • Ravenscroft
      (26 miles [41.8 km] to the east)
      • Ravenscroft is located in White County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Ravenscroft
  • Wilson County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Keltonburg, with the one closest to Keltonburg listed first.
    • Cottage Home
      (17 miles [27.4 km] to the northwest)
      • Cottage Home is located in Wilson County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Cottage Home
      • Estimated population in 2014: 88 people
    • Round Top
      (18 miles [29 km] to the northwest)
      • Round Top is located in Wilson County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Round Top
    • Statesville
      (23 miles [37 km] to the northwest)
      • Statesville is located in Wilson County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Statesville
    • Watertown
      (26 miles [41.8 km] to the northwest)
    • Commerce
      (27 miles [43.5 km] to the northwest)
      • Commerce is located in Wilson County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Commerce
    • Saulsbury
      (29 miles [46.7 km] to the northwest)
      • Saulsbury is located in Wilson County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Saulsbury
      • Estimated population in 2014: 96 people
    • Cainsville
      (29 miles [46.7 km] to the west)
      • Cainsville is located in Wilson County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Cainsville

For an expanded list of the communities that are closest to Keltonburg, see our County-by-County Page for Keltonburg.

Cemeteries Near Keltonburg ...

Below are cemeteries that are in the vicinity of Keltonburg.

This is a new section and is likely to have errors. If you find an error, such as a missing cemetery or we have the wrong name, please let us know. If you know of them, we would also appreciate learning about previous or alternate names.

Although we don't have the information ourselves, if you need information about a burial or interment, photos, transcripts, how to contact the cemetery or local authorities, please visit our list of websites on our Genealogy Helper Page for Keltonburg - one of the links might be able to help.

If not found below, our Cemetery List for Keltonburg covers a larger area, with the cemeteries listed in alphabetical order.

The following cemeteries are listed based on their distance from Keltonburg, with the one closest to Keltonburg listed first.

  • Jaco Cemetery
    (Less than 2 miles to the northeast)
  • Lander Cemetery
    (Less than 2 miles to the north)
  • Martin Cemetery
    (2 miles [3.2 km] to the west)
  • White Cemetery
    (2 miles [3.2 km] to the east)
  • George - Estes Cemetery
    (2 miles [3.2 km] to the northeast)
  • Allen Cemetery
    (3 miles [4.8 km] to the southwest)
  • Aaron Cantrell Cemetery
    (3 miles [4.8 km] to the northwest)
  • Cantrell Cemetery
    (3 miles [4.8 km] to the northwest)
  • Griffith Cemetery
    (4 miles [6.4 km] to the west)
  • Webb Cemetery
    (4 miles [6.4 km] to the south)
  • Bain Cemetery
    (4 miles [6.4 km] to the east)
  • Walker Cemetery
    (4 miles [6.4 km] to the east)
  • Continue List   (670 more) ...
    • Vaughn Cemetery
      (4 miles [6.4 km] to the northeast)
    • Tittsworth Cemetery
      (4 miles [6.4 km] to the northwest)
    • Womack Cemetery
      (5 miles [8 km] to the southwest)

Nearby Communities in 1895 ...

We've built the following list with information that came from an Atlas published by Rand McNally in 1895. The Atlas had details such as the population of the community (which appears to have come from the 1890 Census) and whether there was a post office and/or railroad service available. We also indicate if the community no longer exists and is now historic.<2>

The Rand McNally Atlas shows that in 1895, Keltonburg had a post office and no railroad service.

These communities are listed based on their distance from Keltonburg, with the one closest to Keltonburg listed first.

  • Mount Sterling ‑ Historic
    (3 miles [4.8 km] to the west)
    • Mount Sterling is located in DeKalb County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Mount Sterling
  • Dibrell
    (5 miles [8 km] to the southwest)
    • Dibrell is located in Warren County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Dibrell
  • Horseshoe Falls ‑ Historic
    (5 miles [8 km] to the southeast)
    • Horseshoe Falls is located in Warren County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Horseshoe Falls
  • Gath
    (6 miles [9.7 km] to the south)
    • Gath is located in Warren County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Gath
  • Drop ‑ Historic
    (6 miles [9.7 km] to the northeast)
    • Drop is located in White County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Drop
  • Smithville
    (6 miles [9.7 km] to the northwest)
  • Lucky
    (7 miles [11.3 km] to the southwest)
    • Lucky is located in Warren County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Lucky
  • Pollard ‑ Historic
    (7 miles [11.3 km] to the east)
    • Pollard is located in White County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Pollard
  • Peeled Chestnut
    (7 miles [11.3 km] to the northeast)
    • Peeled Chestnut is located in White County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Peeled Chestnut
  • Evanston ‑ Historic
    (8 miles [12.9 km] to the southwest)
    • Evanston is located in Warren County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Evanston
  • Jessie
    (8 miles [12.9 km] to the south)
    • Jessie is located in Warren County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Jessie
  • Yateston
    (8 miles [12.9 km] to the east)
    • Yateston is located in White County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Yateston
  • Continue List   (16 more) ...
    • Darkey Springs
      (8 miles [12.9 km] to the east)
      • Darkey Springs is located in White County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Darkey Springs
    • Rowland
      (9 miles [14.5 km] to the south)
      • Rowland is located in Warren County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Rowland
    • Rock Island
      (9 miles [14.5 km] to the southeast)

We've also created an expanded list of communities that existed in the 1890's and were located in the area around Keltonburg. See our List of 1890's Communities around Keltonburg.

Newspapers Published in Keltonburg ...

An ongoing effort between the Library of Congress and the National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) has resulted in the National Digital Newspaper Program (NDNP).

To share their results, the partnership has created the Chronicling America website. The goal of this partnership is to assemble a database about the current and historic newspapers of the United States. This includes a growing collection of scanned images from selected papers. All of it available to the public on their website.

Using information that we've taken from the Chronicling America website, we've identified 42 newspapers that have been published in the area around Keltonburg.

Although we're unaware of any newspapers that were published in the immediate area of Keltonburg, there are papers which were published within 16 miles [25.7 km]<3>. A list of those papers, sorted by paper name, can be found on the Extended Newspaper List for Keltonburg.

Websites to Help With Your Genealogy Research ...

When we do our genealogical research, we first visit the websites from Cyndi's List, FamilySearch and Genealogy Trails. These websites either offer the information directly or else point to where you can find it. Their information is open to everyone.

To help you get started, the following links will take you to the pages that are relevant to Keltonburg:

Footnotes ...

<1>While we're fans and frequent users of TripAdvisor, you should know that we're also members of the TripAdvisor affiliate program.
<2>We use the term 'Historic' broadly and it generally means that the community no longer exists. However, it can also mean that the community might still exist, but was significantly larger or had a more 'official' existence in the past than it does now. Unfortunately our sources of data have proven to be unreliable. If you can provide us with more specific information about Keltonburg, please let us know so that we can improve our accuracy.
<3>Our distances are not driving distances, but are calculated as a 'straight-line' (or point-to-point) distance. A straight line distance ignores things like rivers, canyons, lakes, et cetera - it's truly a line from Point A (ie- Keltonburg) to Point B. In other words: 'As the crow flies'.