Our Genealogy Helper
Introduction ...
We have a couple of goals for our Gazetteer:
- That it be a tool which helps us with planning our trips.
- We're trying to shape our Gazetteer as a tool to help us understand the community in which our ancestors lived, the community that was part of their daily lives.
- On our trips, we try to visit those places where our ancestors left their footprints.
By learning about Curtin (and the surrounding area) during the time that our ancestors lived, we hope to have a better understanding of both their community and its relationship to their lifes. We hope that this tool helps to give us an insight into their world.
As we add data and organize our Gazetteer to help with our family research, we will be adding to this our Genealogical Helper for Curtin. While we don't have information that is specific to any given person or family, we intend to expand our understanding about where and how people lived.
Neighboring Counties ...
When searching for family records, we have frequently made the mistake of not checking the neighboring counties.
For example, we have great-grandparents who lived in the southwest corner of their home county. During their lives, most hospitals and doctors were in the next county to the west. Almost all of the nearby churches and cemeteries were in the county to the south.
So when searching for records, we had our best success by looking in neighboring counties instead of the county in which they lived: their home county contained property and probate records; the county to the west contained birth and death records; the county to the south contained their burial records. If we hadn't included the neighboring counties, we would have missed many valuable sources of information.
If you're in a similar situation, we hope that the following information helps.
Curtin is located in Centre County.
To see how the shape of Pennsylvania's counties have changed over time, we recommend the Atlas of Historical County Boundaries.
The following counties adjoin and form the boundaries of Centre County: Blair, Cambria, Clearfield, Clinton, Huntingdon, Mifflin & Union.
Below are the counties that are near Curtin. For each of these counties, we show a sample of those communities that are closest to Curtin:
- Centre County (The home county of Curtin)
- The following are listed by their distance from Curtin, with the one closest to Curtin listed first.
- Central City
(3 miles [4.8 km] to the southwest)
- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Central City have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Central City
- Central City is located in Centre County
- Milesburg
(3 miles [4.8 km] to the southwest)
- Zion
(4 miles [6.4 km] to the southeast)
- Bellefonte
(4 miles [6.4 km] to the southwest)
- Wingate
(4 miles [6.4 km] to the southwest)
- Note: We haven't been able to verify our GPS coordinates for Wingate. Although the coordinates have been estimated, they should be in the vicinity.<3>
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Wingate
- Wingate is located in Centre County
- Google driving directions:
- From your current location to Wingate
- From Curtin to Wingate
- Jacksonville
(5 miles [8 km] to the east)
- Howard
(5 miles [8 km] to the northeast)
- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Howard have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Howard
- Howard is located in Centre County
- Population from the 2020 Census: 728 people
- Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Howard <2>
- Axemann
(5 miles [8 km] to the south)
- Note: We haven't been able to verify our GPS coordinates for Axemann. Although the coordinates have been estimated, they should be in the vicinity.<3>
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Axemann
- Axemann is located in Centre County
- Google driving directions:
- From your current location to Axemann
- From Curtin to Axemann
- Romola
(6 miles [9.7 km] to the northeast)
- Note: We haven't been able to verify our GPS coordinates for Romola. Although the coordinates have been estimated, they should be in the vicinity.<3>
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Romola
- Romola is located in Centre County
- Google driving directions:
- From your current location to Romola
- From Curtin to Romola
- Pleasant Gap
(7 miles [11.3 km] to the south)
- Unionville
(8 miles [12.9 km] to the southwest)
- Blanchard
(9 miles [14.5 km] to the northeast)
- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Blanchard have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Blanchard
- Blanchard is located in Centre County
- Cameron County
- Wyside
(29 miles [46.7 km] to the northwest)
- Note: We haven't been able to verify our GPS coordinates for Wyside. Although the coordinates have been estimated, they should be in the vicinity.<3>
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Wyside
- Wyside is located in Cameron County
- Google driving directions:
- From your current location to Wyside
- From Curtin to Wyside
- Clearfield County
- The following are listed by their distance from Curtin, with the one closest to Curtin listed first.
- Pottersdale
(21 miles [33.8 km] to the northwest)
- Kylertown
(22 miles [35.4 km] to the west)
- Morrisdale
(25 miles [40.2 km] to the west)
- Chester Hill
(26 miles [41.8 km] to the west)
- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Chester Hill have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Chester Hill
- Chester Hill is located in Clearfield County
- Population from the 2020 Census: 820 people
- Osceola Mills
(28 miles [45.1 km] to the west)
- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Osceola Mills have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Osceola Mills
- Osceola Mills is located in Clearfield County
- Population from the 2020 Census: 1,058 people
- Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Osceola Mills <2>
- Shiloh
(28 miles [45.1 km] to the west)
- Note: We haven't been able to verify our GPS coordinates for Shiloh. Although the coordinates have been estimated, they should be in the vicinity.<3>
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Shiloh
- Shiloh is located in Clearfield County
- Google driving directions:
- From your current location to Shiloh
- From Curtin to Shiloh
- Wallaceton
(28 miles [45.1 km] to the west)
- West Decatur
(28 miles [45.1 km] to the west)
- Clinton County
- The following are listed by their distance from Curtin, with the one closest to Curtin listed first.
- Abdera
(10 miles [16.1 km] to the northeast)
- Lamar
(11 miles [17.7 km] to the east)
- Beech Creek
(14 miles [22.5 km] to the northeast)
- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Beech Creek have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Beech Creek
- Beech Creek is located in Clinton County
- Population from the 2020 Census: 685 people
- Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Beech Creek <2>
- Cedar Springs
(15 miles [24.1 km] to the northeast)
- Tylersville
(16 miles [25.7 km] to the east)
- Mill Hall
(16 miles [25.7 km] to the northeast)
- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Mill Hall have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Mill Hall
- Mill Hall is located in Clinton County
- Population from the 2020 Census: 1,586 people
- Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Mill Hall <2>
- Salona
(16 miles [25.7 km] to the northeast)
- Flemington
(17 miles [27.4 km] to the northeast)
- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Flemington have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Flemington
- Flemington is located in Clinton County
- Population from the 2020 Census: 1,312 people
- Farrandsville
(18 miles [29 km] to the northeast)
- Lock Haven
(18 miles [29 km] to the northeast)
- Rote
(18 miles [29 km] to the northeast)
- Note: We haven't been able to verify our GPS coordinates for Rote. Although the coordinates have been estimated, they should be in the vicinity.<3>
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Rote
- Rote is located in Clinton County
- Google driving directions:
- From your current location to Rote
- From Curtin to Rote
- Castanea
(19 miles [30.6 km] to the northeast)
- Huntingdon County
- The following are listed by their distance from Curtin, with the one closest to Curtin listed first.
- Ennisville
(23 miles [37 km] to the south)
- Note: We haven't been able to verify our GPS coordinates for Ennisville. Although the coordinates have been estimated, they should be in the vicinity.<3>
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Ennisville
- Ennisville is located in Huntingdon County
- Google driving directions:
- From your current location to Ennisville
- From Curtin to Ennisville
- Dungarvin
(25 miles [40.2 km] to the southwest)
- Neffs Mills
(26 miles [41.8 km] to the southwest)
- Note: We haven't been able to verify our GPS coordinates for Neffs Mills. Although the coordinates have been estimated, they should be in the vicinity.<3>
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Neffs Mills
- Neffs Mills is located in Huntingdon County
- Google driving directions:
- From your current location to Neffs Mills
- From Curtin to Neffs Mills
- Seven Stars
(28 miles [45.1 km] to the southwest)
- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Seven Stars have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Seven Stars
- Seven Stars is located in Huntingdon County
- Donation
(29 miles [46.7 km] to the south)
- Huntingdon Furnace
(29 miles [46.7 km] to the southwest)
- Pennington
(29 miles [46.7 km] to the southwest)
- Note: We haven't been able to verify our GPS coordinates for Pennington. Although the coordinates have been estimated, they should be in the vicinity.<3>
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Pennington
- Pennington is located in Huntingdon County
- Google driving directions:
- From your current location to Pennington
- From Curtin to Pennington
- Lycoming County
- The following are listed by their distance from Curtin, with the one closest to Curtin listed first.
- Antes Fort
(30 miles [48.3 km] to the northeast)
- Note: We haven't been able to verify our GPS coordinates for Antes Fort. Although the coordinates have been estimated, they should be in the vicinity.<3>
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Antes Fort
- Antes Fort is located in Lycoming County
- Google driving directions:
- From your current location to Antes Fort
- From Curtin to Antes Fort
- Ramsey
(30 miles [48.3 km] to the northeast)
- Note: We haven't been able to verify our GPS coordinates for Ramsey. Although the coordinates have been estimated, they should be in the vicinity.<3>
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Ramsey
- Ramsey is located in Lycoming County
- Google driving directions:
- From your current location to Ramsey
- From Curtin to Ramsey
- Mifflin County
- The following are listed by their distance from Curtin, with the one closest to Curtin listed first.
- Milroy
(19 miles [30.6 km] to the southeast)
- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Milroy have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Milroy
- Milroy is located in Mifflin County
- Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Milroy <2>
- Honey Creek
(21 miles [33.8 km] to the southeast)
- Note: We haven't been able to verify our GPS coordinates for Honey Creek. Although the coordinates have been estimated, they should be in the vicinity.<3>
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Honey Creek
- Honey Creek is located in Mifflin County
- Google driving directions:
- From your current location to Honey Creek
- From Curtin to Honey Creek
- Lumber City
(22 miles [35.4 km] to the south)
- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Lumber City have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Lumber City
- Lumber City is located in Mifflin County
- Reedsville
(22 miles [35.4 km] to the south)
- Kishacoquillas
(23 miles [37 km] to the south)
- Yeagertown
(24 miles [38.6 km] to the south)
- Belleville
(25 miles [40.2 km] to the south)
- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Belleville have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Belleville
- Belleville is located in Mifflin County
- Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Belleville <2>
- Burnham
(25 miles [40.2 km] to the south)
- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Burnham have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Burnham
- Burnham is located in Mifflin County
- Population from the 2020 Census: 1,984 people
- Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Burnham <2>
- Highland Park
(25 miles [40.2 km] to the south)
- Alfarata
(26 miles [41.8 km] to the southeast)
- Note: We haven't been able to verify our GPS coordinates for Alfarata. Although the coordinates have been estimated, they should be in the vicinity.<3>
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Alfarata
- Alfarata is located in Mifflin County
- Google driving directions:
- From your current location to Alfarata
- From Curtin to Alfarata
- Paintersville
(26 miles [41.8 km] to the southeast)
- Lewistown Junction
(27 miles [43.5 km] to the south)
- Snyder County
- The following are listed by their distance from Curtin, with the one closest to Curtin listed first.
- Bannerville
(26 miles [41.8 km] to the southeast)
- Note: We haven't been able to verify our GPS coordinates for Bannerville. Although the coordinates have been estimated, they should be in the vicinity.<3>
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Bannerville
- Bannerville is located in Snyder County
- Google driving directions:
- From your current location to Bannerville
- From Curtin to Bannerville
- McClure
(28 miles [45.1 km] to the southeast)
- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for McClure have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for McClure
- McClure is located in Snyder County
- Population from the 2020 Census: 919 people
- Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for McClure <2>
- Middle Creek
(29 miles [46.7 km] to the southeast)
- Troxelville
(30 miles [48.3 km] to the east)
- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Troxelville have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Troxelville
- Troxelville is located in Snyder County
- Benfer
(30 miles [48.3 km] to the southeast)
- Note: We haven't been able to verify our GPS coordinates for Benfer. Although the coordinates have been estimated, they should be in the vicinity.<3>
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Benfer
- Benfer is located in Snyder County
- Google driving directions:
- From your current location to Benfer
- From Curtin to Benfer
- Union County
- The following are listed by their distance from Curtin, with the one closest to Curtin listed first.
- Cherry Run
(21 miles [33.8 km] to the southeast)
- Note: We haven't been able to verify our GPS coordinates for Cherry Run. Although the coordinates have been estimated, they should be in the vicinity.<3>
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Cherry Run
- Cherry Run is located in Union County
- Google driving directions:
- From your current location to Cherry Run
- From Curtin to Cherry Run
- Laurelton
(28 miles [45.1 km] to the east)
- Glen Iron
(29 miles [46.7 km] to the east)
- Hartleton
(30 miles [48.3 km] to the east)
For an expanded list of the communities that are closest to Curtin, see our County-by-County Page for Curtin.
Cemeteries Near Curtin ...
Below are cemeteries that are in the vicinity of Curtin.
This is a new section and is likely to have errors. If you find an error, such as a missing cemetery or we have the wrong name, please let us know. If you know of them, we would also appreciate learning about previous or alternate names.
If you need information about a burial or interment, photos, transcripts, how to contact the cemetery or local authorities, please visit our selection of Genealogy Websites (see below).
If not found below, our Cemetery List for Curtin covers a larger area, with the cemeteries listed in alphabetical order.
The following cemeteries are listed based on their distance from Curtin, with the one closest to Curtin listed first.
- Trcziyulny Cemetery
(3 miles [4.8 km] to the southwest)
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Trcziyulny Cemetery
- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for the Trcziyulny Cemetery have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Union Cemetery
(4 miles [6.4 km] to the south)
- St. Johns Cemetery
(4 miles [6.4 km] to the south)
- Schencks Cemetery
(4 miles [6.4 km] to the northeast)
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Schencks Cemetery
- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for the Schencks Cemetery have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Lick Run Presbyterian Church Cemetery
(5 miles [8 km] to the east)
- Lucas Cemetery
(6 miles [9.7 km] to the north)
- Meyer Cemetery
(8 miles [12.9 km] to the southwest)
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Meyer Cemetery
- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for the Meyer Cemetery have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Oak Ridge Cemetery
(9 miles [14.5 km] to the southwest)
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Oak Ridge Cemetery
- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for the Oak Ridge Cemetery have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Benner Cemetery
(9 miles [14.5 km] to the southwest)
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Benner Cemetery
- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for the Benner Cemetery have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Centre County Memorial Park
(9 miles [14.5 km] to the south)
- Shiloh Lutheran Church Cemetery
(9 miles [14.5 km] to the south)
- Union Cemetery
(9 miles [14.5 km] to the southeast)
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Union Cemetery
- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for the Union Cemetery have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Continue List (131 more) ...
- Clark Cemetery
(10 miles [16.1 km] to the northeast)
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Clark Cemetery
- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for the Clark Cemetery have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Centre Hill Presbyterian Cemetery
(11 miles [17.7 km] to the southeast)
- Hays - Fearon Cemetery
(11 miles [17.7 km] to the northeast)
Nearby Communities in 1895 ...
We've built the following list with information that came from an Atlas published by Rand McNally in 1895. The Atlas had details such as the population of the community (which appears to have come from the 1890 Census) and whether there was a post office and/or railroad service available. We also indicate if the community no longer exists and is now historic.<6>
The Rand McNally Atlas shows that in 1895, Curtin had railroad service and no post office.
These communities are listed based on their distance from Curtin, with the one closest to Curtin listed first.
- Mount Eagle
(Less than 2 miles to the east)
- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Mount Eagle have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Mount Eagle
- Mount Eagle is located in Centre County
- Milesburg
(3 miles [4.8 km] to the southwest)
- Wingate
(4 miles [6.4 km] to the southwest)
- Note: We haven't been able to verify our GPS coordinates for Wingate. Although the coordinates have been estimated, they should be in the vicinity.<3>
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Wingate
- Wingate is located in Centre County
- Google driving directions:
- From your current location to Wingate
- From Curtin to Wingate
- Bellefonte
(4 miles [6.4 km] to the southwest)
- Zion
(4 miles [6.4 km] to the southeast)
- Axemann
(5 miles [8 km] to the south)
- Note: We haven't been able to verify our GPS coordinates for Axemann. Although the coordinates have been estimated, they should be in the vicinity.<3>
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Axemann
- Axemann is located in Centre County
- Google driving directions:
- From your current location to Axemann
- From Curtin to Axemann
- Gum Stump
(5 miles [8 km] to the west)
- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Gum Stump have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Gum Stump
- Gum Stump is located in Centre County
- Hublersburg
(6 miles [9.7 km] to the east)
- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Hublersburg have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Hublersburg
- Hublersburg is located in Centre County
- Romola
(6 miles [9.7 km] to the northeast)
- Note: We haven't been able to verify our GPS coordinates for Romola. Although the coordinates have been estimated, they should be in the vicinity.<3>
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Romola
- Romola is located in Centre County
- Google driving directions:
- From your current location to Romola
- From Curtin to Romola
- Pleasant Gap
(7 miles [11.3 km] to the south)
- Rhoads
(7 miles [11.3 km] to the west)
- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Rhoads have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Rhoads
- Rhoads is located in Centre County
- Unionville
(8 miles [12.9 km] to the southwest)
- Continue List (17 more) ...
- Dale Summit
(9 miles [14.5 km] to the south)
- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Dale Summit have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Dale Summit
- Dale Summit is located in Centre County
- Centre Hall
(9 miles [14.5 km] to the south)
- Nittany
(9 miles [14.5 km] to the east)
- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Nittany have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Nittany
- Nittany is located in Centre County
We've also created an expanded list of communities that existed in the 1890's and were located in the area around Curtin. See our List of 1890's Communities around Curtin.
Newspapers Published in Curtin ...
An ongoing effort between the Library of Congress and the National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) has resulted in the National Digital Newspaper Program (NDNP).
To share their results, the partnership has created the Chronicling America website. The goal of this partnership is to assemble a database about the current and historic newspapers of the United States. This includes a growing collection of scanned images from selected papers. All of it available to the public on their website.
Using information that we've taken from the Chronicling America website, we've identified 30 newspapers that have been published in the area around Curtin.
Although we're unaware of any newspapers that were published in the immediate area of Curtin, there are papers which were published within 19 miles [30.6 km]<5>. A list of those papers, sorted by paper name, can be found on the Extended Newspaper List for Curtin.
Websites to Help With Your Genealogy Research ...
When we do our genealogical research, we start with the websites from Cyndi's List, FamilySearch and Genealogy Trails. These professional and volunteer websites offer the information directly or else point to where you can find it. Their information is open to everyone.
To help you get started, the following links will take you to the pages that are relevant to Curtin:
- Websites specific to Pennsylvania
- Pages specific to Centre County
- Genealogy information for nearby counties
- Cameron County
- Clearfield County
- Clinton County
- Huntingdon County
- Lycoming County
- Mifflin County
- Snyder County
- Union County
- Cemetery Information and Directories for Pennsylvania
Off-the-Road Links ...
Unfortunately, we don't know of a website for Curtin. If you can help, please contact us through our Feedback Page.
The official website for Commonwealth of Pennsylvania: https://www.pa.gov/
Footnotes ...
<1> | The location has been supplied by the Geographic Names Information System - which is maintained by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). While these values should be definitive, we found that accuracy can vary and you should double-check the location if accuracy is required. |
<2> | While we're fans and frequent users of TripAdvisor, you should know that we're also members of the TripAdvisor affiliate program. |
<3> | An 'estimated' location is one where we have been given GPS coordinates, but are unable to verify the accuracy of those coordinates. That said, we have some confidence that we have placed the marker near the actual location. A typical reason for being unable to verify a location is that it might be on private property or maybe historic and gone without an obvious trace. |
<4> | The Find-a-Grave website is an excellent research tool with information about a cemetery's location and interments. They also offer a forum for their members which can provide additional help. More information about Find-a-Grave can be found on their website: findagrave.com. |
<5> | Our distances are not driving distances, but are calculated as a 'straight-line' (or point-to-point) distance. A straight line distance ignores obstructions like rivers, canyons, lakes, et cetera - it's truly a line drawn from Point A (ie- Curtin) to Point B.Our distance measurements begin at a specific point in Curtin. The point we use is located at these GPS coordinates - Latitude: 40.9729, Longitude: -77.7399 In this case, the coordinates for Curtin have been provided by the Geographic Names Information System (GNIS). |
<6> | We use the term 'Historic' broadly and it generally means that the community no longer exists. However, it can also mean that the community might still exist, but was significantly larger or had a more 'official' existence in the past than it does now. Unfortunately our sources of data have proven to be unreliable. If you can provide us with more specific information about Curtin, please let us know so that we can improve our accuracy. |