RoadsideThoughts
A Gazetteer for the United States and Canada
Home >> State of West Virginia >> Calhoun County >> Poling Run >> Genealogy HelperIndex...

Our Genealogy Helper

Introduction ...

So far, we found very little information about Poling Run. The little that we've found leads us believe that the community is historic.<1>

We've added Poling Run to our Gazetteer with the hope that we can develop more information. If you can help us with Poling Run, please Contact Us.


We have a couple of goals for our Gazetteer:

  • That it be a tool which helps us with planning our trips.
  • We're trying to shape our Gazetteer as a tool to help us understand the community in which our ancestors lived, the community that was part of their daily lives.
  • On our trips, we try to visit those places where our ancestors left their footprints.

By learning about Poling Run (and the surrounding area) during the time that our ancestors lived, we hope to have a better understanding of both their community and its relationship to their lifes. We hope that this tool helps to give us an insight into their world.

As we add data and organize our Gazetteer to help with our family research, we will be adding to this our Genealogical Helper for Poling Run. While we don't have information that is specific to any given person or family, we intend to expand our understanding about where and how people lived.

Neighboring Counties ...

When searching for family records, we have frequently made the mistake of not checking the neighboring counties.

For example, we have great-grandparents who lived in the northwest corner of their home county. During their lives, most doctors were in the next county to the west. Almost all of the nearby churches and cemeteries were in the county to the north.

So when searching for records, we had our best success by looking in neighboring counties instead of the county in which they lived:  their home county contained property and probate records; the county to the west contained birth and death records; the county to the north contained their burial records. If we hadn't included the neighboring counties, we would have missed many valuable sources of information.

If you're in a similar situation, we hope that the following information helps.

Although our information shows that the community of Poling Run is historic, it would have been located within present day Calhoun County.

To see how the shape of West Virginia's counties may have changed over time, we recommend the Atlas of Historical County Boundaries.

The following counties adjoin and form the boundaries of Calhoun County: Braxton, Clay, Gilmer, Ritchie, Roane & Wirt.

Below are the counties that are near Poling Run. For each of these counties, we show a sample of those communities that are closest to Poling Run:

  • Calhoun County     (The home county of Poling Run)
    • The following are listed by their distance from Poling Run, with the one closest to Poling Run listed first.
    • Russet
      (Less than 2 miles to the northeast)
      • Russet is located in Calhoun County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Russet
    • Staten
      (Less than 2 miles to the northeast)
      • Staten is located in Calhoun County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Staten
    • Grantsville
      (4 miles [6.4 km] to the north)
    • Hur
      (5 miles [8 km] to the west)
      • Hur is located in Calhoun County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Hur
    • Arnoldsburg
      (6 miles [9.7 km] to the southwest)
      • Arnoldsburg is located in Calhoun County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Arnoldsburg
    • Big Bend
      (8 miles [12.9 km] to the northwest)
      • Big Bend is located in Calhoun County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Big Bend
    • Gomez ‑ Historic
      (8 miles [12.9 km] to the south)
      • Gomez is located in Calhoun County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Gomez
    • Orma
      (8 miles [12.9 km] to the south)
      • Orma is located in Calhoun County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Orma
    • Rocksdale
      (8 miles [12.9 km] to the west)
      • Rocksdale is located in Calhoun County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Rocksdale
    • Beech
      (9 miles [14.5 km] to the southwest)
      • Beech is located in Calhoun County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Beech
    • Pink
      (9 miles [14.5 km] to the southwest)
      • Pink is located in Calhoun County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Pink
    • Freed
      (10 miles [16.1 km] to the north)
      • Freed is located in Calhoun County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Freed
    • Walnut
      (12 miles [19.3 km] to the south)
      • Walnut is located in Calhoun County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Walnut
  • Braxton County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Poling Run, with the one closest to Poling Run listed first.
    • Progress ‑ Historic
      (12 miles [19.3 km] to the southeast)
      • Progress is located in Braxton County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Progress
    • Sleith ‑ Historic
      (14 miles [22.5 km] to the southeast)
      • Sleith is located in Braxton County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Sleith
    • Elmira
      (15 miles [24.1 km] to the south)
      • Elmira is located in Braxton County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Elmira
    • Wilsie
      (15 miles [24.1 km] to the southeast)
      • Wilsie is located in Braxton County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Wilsie
    • Chapel
      (16 miles [25.7 km] to the southeast)
      • Chapel is located in Braxton County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Chapel
    • Clem
      (17 miles [27.4 km] to the southeast)
      • Clem is located in Braxton County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Clem
    • Arnett
      (18 miles [29 km] to the east)
      • Arnett is located in Braxton County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Arnett
    • Exchange
      (18 miles [29 km] to the east)
    • Frametown
      (19 miles [30.6 km] to the southeast)
      • Frametown is located in Braxton County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Frametown
    • Gassaway
      (20 miles [32.2 km] to the southeast)
    • Rockton
      (20 miles [32.2 km] to the southeast)
      • Rockton is located in Braxton County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Rockton
    • Burnsville
      (21 miles [33.8 km] to the east)
    • Lloydsville
      (21 miles [33.8 km] to the southeast)
      • Lloydsville is located in Braxton County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Lloydsville
  • Clay County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Poling Run, with the one closest to Poling Run listed first.
    • Lydia
      (14 miles [22.5 km] to the south)
      • Lydia is located in Clay County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Lydia
    • Dink
      (20 miles [32.2 km] to the south)
      • Dink is located in Clay County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Dink
    • Ira
      (21 miles [33.8 km] to the south)
      • Ira is located in Clay County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Ira
    • Gould
      (23 miles [37 km] to the south)
      • Gould is located in Clay County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Gould
    • Valley Fork
      (23 miles [37 km] to the south)
      • Valley Fork is located in Clay County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Valley Fork
    • Harrison
      (24 miles [38.6 km] to the south)
      • Harrison is located in Clay County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Harrison
    • Spread
      (25 miles [40.2 km] to the south)
      • Spread is located in Clay County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Spread
    • Procious
      (26 miles [41.8 km] to the south)
      • Procious is located in Clay County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Procious
    • Clay
      (27 miles [43.5 km] to the south)
    • Wattsville
      (27 miles [43.5 km] to the southeast)
      • Wattsville is located in Clay County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Wattsville
    • Elkhurst
      (28 miles [45.1 km] to the south)
      • Elkhurst is located in Clay County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Elkhurst
    • Porter
      (28 miles [45.1 km] to the south)
      • Porter is located in Clay County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Porter
    • Bomont
      (29 miles [46.7 km] to the south)
      • Bomont is located in Clay County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Bomont
  • Doddridge County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Poling Run, with the one closest to Poling Run listed first.
    • Grove
      (25 miles [40.2 km] to the northeast)
      • Grove is located in Doddridge County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Grove
    • Saint Clara
      (26 miles [41.8 km] to the northeast)
      • Saint Clara is located in Doddridge County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Saint Clara
    • Duckworth
      (30 miles [48.3 km] to the north)
      • Duckworth is located in Doddridge County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Duckworth
    • Market
      (30 miles [48.3 km] to the northeast)
      • Market is located in Doddridge County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Market
  • Gilmer County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Poling Run, with the one closest to Poling Run listed first.
    • Stumptown
      (3 miles [4.8 km] to the east)
      • Stumptown is located in Gilmer County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Stumptown
    • Normantown
      (6 miles [9.7 km] to the east)
    • Shock
      (7 miles [11.3 km] to the southeast)
      • Shock is located in Gilmer County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Shock
    • De Kalb
      (8 miles [12.9 km] to the northeast)
      • De Kalb is located in Gilmer County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for De Kalb
    • Cedarville
      (13 miles [20.9 km] to the east)
      • Cedarville is located in Gilmer County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Cedarville
    • Glenville
      (13 miles [20.9 km] to the east)
    • Newberne
      (15 miles [24.1 km] to the northeast)
      • Newberne is located in Gilmer County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Newberne
    • Truebada
      (16 miles [25.7 km] to the east)
      • Truebada is located in Gilmer County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Truebada
    • Alice
      (16 miles [25.7 km] to the northeast)
      • Alice is located in Gilmer County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Alice
    • Sand Fork
      (17 miles [27.4 km] to the east)
      • Sand Fork is located in Gilmer County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Sand Fork
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 145 people
    • Stouts Mills
      (18 miles [29 km] to the east)
      • Stouts Mills is located in Gilmer County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Stouts Mills
    • Baldwin
      (18 miles [29 km] to the northeast)
      • Baldwin is located in Gilmer County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Baldwin
    • Troy
      (19 miles [30.6 km] to the northeast)
      • Troy is located in Gilmer County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Troy
  • Jackson County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Poling Run, with the one closest to Poling Run listed first.
    • Liverpool
      (25 miles [40.2 km] to the west)
      • Liverpool is located in Jackson County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Liverpool
    • Garfield
      (26 miles [41.8 km] to the west)
      • Garfield is located in Jackson County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Garfield
    • Meadowdale
      (28 miles [45.1 km] to the west)
      • Meadowdale is located in Jackson County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Meadowdale
    • Aplin ‑ Historic
      (29 miles [46.7 km] to the west)
      • Aplin is located in Jackson County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Aplin
    • Hereford
      (29 miles [46.7 km] to the west)
      • Hereford is located in Jackson County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Hereford
  • Kanawha County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Poling Run, with the one closest to Poling Run listed first.
    • Wellford
      (27 miles [43.5 km] to the southwest)
      • Wellford is located in Kanawha County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Wellford
    • Clendenin
      (30 miles [48.3 km] to the southwest)
  • Lewis County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Poling Run, with the one closest to Poling Run listed first.
    • Vadis
      (23 miles [37 km] to the northeast)
      • Vadis is located in Lewis County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Vadis
    • Hurst
      (24 miles [38.6 km] to the northeast)
      • Hurst is located in Lewis County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Hurst
    • Alum Bridge
      (25 miles [40.2 km] to the northeast)
      • Alum Bridge is located in Lewis County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Alum Bridge
    • Camden
      (29 miles [46.7 km] to the northeast)
      • Camden is located in Lewis County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Camden
  • Nicholas County
  • Ritchie County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Poling Run, with the one closest to Poling Run listed first.
    • Burnt House
      (13 miles [20.9 km] to the north)
      • Burnt House is located in Ritchie County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Burnt House
    • Smithville
      (14 miles [22.5 km] to the north)
      • Smithville is located in Ritchie County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Smithville
    • Lawford
      (15 miles [24.1 km] to the northeast)
      • Lawford is located in Ritchie County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Lawford
    • Oxbow
      (17 miles [27.4 km] to the northwest)
      • Oxbow is located in Ritchie County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Oxbow
    • Cantwell
      (18 miles [29 km] to the north)
      • Cantwell is located in Ritchie County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Cantwell
    • Slab
      (18 miles [29 km] to the north)
      • Slab is located in Ritchie County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Slab
    • Auburn
      (19 miles [30.6 km] to the northeast)
      • Auburn is located in Ritchie County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Auburn
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 88 people
    • Berea
      (20 miles [32.2 km] to the north)
      • Berea is located in Ritchie County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Berea
    • Cokeleys
      (20 miles [32.2 km] to the north)
      • Cokeleys is located in Ritchie County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Cokeleys
    • Cisco
      (21 miles [33.8 km] to the northwest)
      • Cisco is located in Ritchie County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Cisco
    • Rusk
      (22 miles [35.4 km] to the northwest)
      • Rusk is located in Ritchie County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Rusk
    • Harrisville
      (23 miles [37 km] to the north)
    • Pullman
      (23 miles [37 km] to the north)
      • Pullman is located in Ritchie County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Pullman
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 135 people
  • Roane County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Poling Run, with the one closest to Poling Run listed first.
    • Triplett
      (12 miles [19.3 km] to the west)
      • Triplett is located in Roane County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Triplett
    • Graux
      (14 miles [22.5 km] to the southwest)
      • Graux is located in Roane County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Graux
    • Millard
      (14 miles [22.5 km] to the west)
      • Millard is located in Roane County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Millard
    • Roxalana
      (15 miles [24.1 km] to the southwest)
      • Roxalana is located in Roane County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Roxalana
    • Spencer
      (16 miles [25.7 km] to the west)
    • Looneyville
      (18 miles [29 km] to the southwest)
    • Rushville
      (18 miles [29 km] to the southwest)
      • Rushville is located in Roane County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Rushville
    • Reedy
      (19 miles [30.6 km] to the west)
      • Reedy is located in Roane County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Reedy
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 159 people
    • Kester ‑ Historic
      (21 miles [33.8 km] to the southwest)
      • Kester is located in Roane County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Kester
    • Pigeon
      (23 miles [37 km] to the south)
      • Pigeon is located in Roane County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Pigeon
    • Walton
      (23 miles [37 km] to the southwest)
    • Zona
      (23 miles [37 km] to the southwest)
      • Zona is located in Roane County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Zona
    • Flint Town
      (24 miles [38.6 km] to the west)
      • Flint Town is located in Roane County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Flint Town
  • Wirt County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Poling Run, with the one closest to Poling Run listed first.
    • Creston
      (12 miles [19.3 km] to the northwest)
      • Creston is located in Wirt County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Creston
    • Burning Springs
      (15 miles [24.1 km] to the northwest)
      • Burning Springs is located in Wirt County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Burning Springs
    • Lucile
      (18 miles [29 km] to the west)
      • Lucile is located in Wirt County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Lucile
    • Palestine
      (21 miles [33.8 km] to the northwest)
      • Palestine is located in Wirt County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Palestine
    • Elizabeth
      (22 miles [35.4 km] to the northwest)
    • Peewee
      (23 miles [37 km] to the west)
      • Peewee is located in Wirt County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Peewee
    • Freeport
      (24 miles [38.6 km] to the northwest)
      • Freeport is located in Wirt County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Freeport
    • Greencastle
      (25 miles [40.2 km] to the northwest)
      • Greencastle is located in Wirt County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Greencastle
    • Newark
      (25 miles [40.2 km] to the northwest)
      • Newark is located in Wirt County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Newark
    • Windy
      (27 miles [43.5 km] to the northwest)
      • Windy is located in Wirt County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Windy
  • Wood County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Poling Run, with the one closest to Poling Run listed first.
    • Slate
      (27 miles [43.5 km] to the northwest)
      • Slate is located in Wood County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Slate
    • Leachtown
      (28 miles [45.1 km] to the northwest)
      • Leachtown is located in Wood County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Leachtown

For an expanded list of the communities that are closest to Poling Run, see our County-by-County Page for Poling Run.

Cemeteries Near Poling Run ...

Below are cemeteries that are in the vicinity of Poling Run.

This is a new section and is likely to have errors. If you find an error, such as a missing cemetery or we have the wrong name, please let us know. If you know of them, we would also appreciate learning about previous or alternate names.

Although we don't have the information ourselves, if you need information about a burial or interment, photos, transcripts, how to contact the cemetery or local authorities, please visit our list of websites on our Genealogy Helper Page for Poling Run - one of the links might be able to help.

If not found below, our Cemetery List for Poling Run covers a larger area, with the cemeteries listed in alphabetical order.

The following cemeteries are listed based on their distance from Poling Run, with the one closest to Poling Run listed first.

  • Roling Cemetery
    (Less than 2 miles to the south)
  • Zeke Run Cemetery
    (Less than 2 miles to the northeast)
  • Bennett Cemetery
    (Less than 2 miles to the east)
  • Sycamore Cemetery
    (2 miles [3.2 km] to the southwest)
  • Barr Cemetery
    (2 miles [3.2 km] to the southwest)
  • Sylvester Stump Cemetery
    (2 miles [3.2 km] to the east)
  • Sturm Cemetery
    (3 miles [4.8 km] to the south)
  • Bethlehem Cemetery
    (3 miles [4.8 km] to the north)
  • Snakeroot Cemetery
    (3 miles [4.8 km] to the east)
  • Bethel Cemetery
    (3 miles [4.8 km] to the northeast)
  • St. Paul Cemetery
    (3 miles [4.8 km] to the west)
  • Mt. Zion Cemetery
    (3 miles [4.8 km] to the west)
  • Continue List   (584 more) ...
    • Sand Ridge Cemetery
      (4 miles [6.4 km] to the south)
    • Elihu - Stump Cemetery
      (4 miles [6.4 km] to the east)
    • Collins Cemetery
      (4 miles [6.4 km] to the east)

Nearby Communities in 1895 ...

We've built the following list with information that came from an Atlas published by Rand McNally in 1895. The Atlas had details such as the population of the community (which appears to have come from the 1890 Census) and whether there was a post office and/or railroad service available. We also indicate if the community no longer exists and is now historic.

While we didn't find Poling Run in the Atlas, the following 1895 communities would have been found near the current location of Poling Run.

These communities are listed based on their distance from Poling Run, with the one closest to Poling Run listed first.

  • Staten
    (Less than 2 miles to the northeast)
    • Staten is located in Calhoun County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Staten
  • Sycamore
    (2 miles [3.2 km] to the southwest)
    • Sycamore is located in Calhoun County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Sycamore
  • Stumptown
    (3 miles [4.8 km] to the east)
    • Stumptown is located in Gilmer County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Stumptown
  • Henrietta
    (3 miles [4.8 km] to the north)
    • Henrietta is located in Calhoun County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Henrietta
  • Mount Zion
    (3 miles [4.8 km] to the west)
    • Mount Zion is located in Calhoun County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Mount Zion
  • Grantsville
    (4 miles [6.4 km] to the north)
  • Altizer
    (5 miles [8 km] to the southwest)
    • Altizer is located in Calhoun County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Altizer
  • Hur
    (5 miles [8 km] to the west)
    • Hur is located in Calhoun County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Hur
  • Arnoldsburg
    (6 miles [9.7 km] to the southwest)
    • Arnoldsburg is located in Calhoun County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Arnoldsburg
  • Normantown
    (6 miles [9.7 km] to the east)
  • White Pine
    (6 miles [9.7 km] to the north)
    • White Pine is located in Calhoun County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for White Pine
  • Big Springs
    (8 miles [12.9 km] to the north)
    • Big Springs is located in Calhoun County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Big Springs
  • Continue List   (17 more) ...
    • De Kalb
      (8 miles [12.9 km] to the northeast)
      • De Kalb is located in Gilmer County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for De Kalb
    • Nobe
      (8 miles [12.9 km] to the north)
      • Nobe is located in Calhoun County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Nobe
    • Big Bend
      (8 miles [12.9 km] to the northwest)
      • Big Bend is located in Calhoun County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Big Bend

We've also created an expanded list of communities that existed in the 1890's and were located in the area around Poling Run. See our List of 1890's Communities around Poling Run.

Newspapers Published in Poling Run ...

An ongoing effort between the Library of Congress and the National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) has resulted in the National Digital Newspaper Program (NDNP).

To share their results, the partnership has created the Chronicling America website. The goal of this partnership is to assemble a database about the current and historic newspapers of the United States. This includes a growing collection of scanned images from selected papers. All of it available to the public on their website.

Using information that we've taken from the Chronicling America website, we've identified 22 newspapers that have been published in the area around Poling Run.

Although we're unaware of any newspapers that were published in the immediate area of Poling Run, there are papers which were published within 16 miles [25.7 km]<4>. A list of those papers, sorted by paper name, can be found on the Extended Newspaper List for Poling Run.

Websites to Help With Your Genealogy Research ...

When we do our genealogical research, we first turn to the websites from Cyndi's List, FamilySearch and Genealogy Trails. These helpful websites offer the information directly or else point to where you can find it. Their information is open to everyone.

To help you get started, the following links will take you to the pages that are relevant to Poling Run:

Footnotes ...

<1>We use the term 'Historic' broadly and it generally means that the community no longer exists. However, it can also mean that the community might still exist, but was significantly larger or had a more 'official' existence in the past than it does now. Unfortunately our sources of data have proven to be unreliable. If you can provide us with more specific information about Poling Run, please let us know so that we can improve our accuracy.
<2>While we're fans and frequent users of TripAdvisor, you should know that we're also members of the TripAdvisor affiliate program.
<3>The Find-a-Grave website is an excellent research tool with information about a cemetery's location and interments. They also offer a forum for their members which can provide additional help. More information about Find-a-Grave can be found on their website: findagrave.com.
<4>Our distances are not driving distances, but are calculated as a 'straight-line' distance. A straight line distance ignores obstructions like rivers, canyons, lakes, et cetera - it's truly a line from Point A (ie- Poling Run) to Point B. In other words: 'As the crow flies'.