Our Genealogy Helper
Introduction ...
We have a couple of goals for our Gazetteer:
- That it be a tool which helps us with planning our trips.
- We're trying to shape our Gazetteer as a tool to help us understand the community in which our ancestors lived, the community that was part of their daily lives.
- On our trips, we try to visit those places where our ancestors left their footprints.
By learning about Zion (and the surrounding area) during the time that our ancestors lived, we hope to have a better understanding of both their community and its relationship to their lifes. We hope that this tool helps to give us an insight into their world.
As we add data and organize our Gazetteer to help with our family research, we will be adding to this our Genealogical Helper for Zion. While we don't have information that is specific to any given person or family, we intend to expand our understanding about where and how people lived.
Neighboring Counties ...
When searching for family records, we have frequently made the mistake of not checking the neighboring counties.
For example, we have great-grandparents who lived in the southeast corner of their home county. During their lives, most hospitals and doctors were in the next county to the east. Almost all of the nearby churches and cemeteries were in the county to the south.
So when searching for records, we had our best success by looking in neighboring counties instead of the county in which they lived: their home county contained property and probate records; the county to the east contained birth and death records; the county to the south contained their burial records. If we hadn't included the neighboring counties, we would have missed many valuable sources of information.
If you're in a similar situation, we hope that the following information helps.
Zion is located in Winnebago County.
To see how the shape of Wisconsin's counties have changed over time, we recommend the Atlas of Historical County Boundaries.
The following counties adjoin and form the boundaries of Winnebago County: Calumet, Fond du Lac, Green Lake, Outagamie, Waupaca & Waushara.
Below are the counties that are near Zion. For each of these counties, we show a sample of those communities that are closest to Zion:
- Winnebago County (The home county of Zion)
- The following are listed by their distance from Zion, with the one closest to Zion listed first.
- Fisk
(3 miles [4.8 km] to the south)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Fisk
- Fisk is located in Winnebago County
- Harbor Springs
(4 miles [6.4 km] to the north)- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Harbor Springs have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Harbor Springs
- Harbor Springs is located in Winnebago County
- Reighmoor
(4 miles [6.4 km] to the north)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Reighmoor
- Reighmoor is located in Winnebago County
- Omro
(5 miles [8 km] to the northwest)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Omro
- Omro is located in Winnebago County
- Population from the 2020 Census: 3,592 people
- Oshkosh
(6 miles [9.7 km] to the east)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Oshkosh
- Oshkosh is located in Winnebago County
- Population from the 2020 Census: 66,495 people
- Stony Beach
(6 miles [9.7 km] to the east)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Stony Beach
- Stony Beach is located in Winnebago County
- Pickett
(6 miles [9.7 km] to the southwest)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Pickett
- Pickett is located in Winnebago County
- Black Wolf
(7 miles [11.3 km] to the southeast)- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Black Wolf have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Black Wolf
- Black Wolf is located in Winnebago County
- Winneconne
(8 miles [12.9 km] to the north)- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Winneconne have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Winneconne
- Winneconne is located in Winnebago County
- Population from the 2020 Census: 2,480 people
- Allenville
(9 miles [14.5 km] to the north)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Allenville
- Allenville is located in Winnebago County
- Point Comfort
(10 miles [16.1 km] to the southeast)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Point Comfort
- Point Comfort is located in Winnebago County
- Adella Beach
(14 miles [22.5 km] to the northeast)- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Adella Beach have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Adella Beach
- Adella Beach is located in Winnebago County
- Calumet County
- The following are listed by their distance from Zion, with the one closest to Zion listed first.
- Brothertown
(17 miles [27.4 km] to the east)- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Brothertown have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Brothertown
- Brothertown is located in Calumet County
- Quinney
(17 miles [27.4 km] to the east)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Quinney
- Quinney is located in Calumet County
- Stockbridge
(17 miles [27.4 km] to the east)- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Stockbridge have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Stockbridge
- Stockbridge is located in Calumet County
- Population from the 2020 Census: 619 people
- Harrison
(20 miles [32.2 km] to the northeast)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Harrison
- Harrison is located in Calumet County
- Sherwood
(22 miles [35.4 km] to the northeast) - Brant
(23 miles [37 km] to the east) - Chilton
(24 miles [38.6 km] to the east) - Saint John
(25 miles [40.2 km] to the northeast)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Saint John
- Saint John is located in Calumet County
- Hilbert
(26 miles [41.8 km] to the east) - Hayton
(27 miles [43.5 km] to the east)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Hayton
- Hayton is located in Calumet County
- Kaukauna
(27 miles [43.5 km] to the northeast)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Kaukauna
- Kaukauna is located in Calumet County
- Population from the 2020 Census: 16,356 people
- Dundas
(28 miles [45.1 km] to the northeast)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Dundas
- Dundas is located in Calumet County
- Dodge County
- The following are listed by their distance from Zion, with the one closest to Zion listed first.
- Waupun
(25 miles [40.2 km] to the south) - Brownsville
(27 miles [43.5 km] to the south)- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Brownsville have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Brownsville
- Brownsville is located in Dodge County
- Population from the 2020 Census: 585 people
- Atwater
(30 miles [48.3 km] to the south)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Atwater
- Atwater is located in Dodge County
- Knowles
(30 miles [48.3 km] to the south)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Knowles
- Knowles is located in Dodge County
- Lomira
(30 miles [48.3 km] to the south)
- Fond du Lac County
- The following are listed by their distance from Zion, with the one closest to Zion listed first.
- Eldorado
(11 miles [17.7 km] to the south)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Eldorado
- Eldorado is located in Fond du Lac County
- West Rosendale
(12 miles [19.3 km] to the south)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for West Rosendale
- West Rosendale is located in Fond du Lac County
- Rosendale
(13 miles [20.9 km] to the south) - Ripon
(13 miles [20.9 km] to the southwest)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Ripon
- Ripon is located in Fond du Lac County
- Population from the 2020 Census: 7,844 people
- Woodhull
(15 miles [24.1 km] to the south) - North Fond du Lac
(15 miles [24.1 km] to the southeast)- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for North Fond du Lac have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for North Fond du Lac
- North Fond du Lac is located in Fond du Lac County
- Population from the 2020 Census: 5,059 people
- Gladstone Beach
(17 miles [27.4 km] to the southeast)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Gladstone Beach
- Gladstone Beach is located in Fond du Lac County
- Linden Beach
(17 miles [27.4 km] to the southeast)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Linden Beach
- Linden Beach is located in Fond du Lac County
- Minawa Beach
(17 miles [27.4 km] to the southeast)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Minawa Beach
- Minawa Beach is located in Fond du Lac County
- Calumetville
(18 miles [29 km] to the east)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Calumetville
- Calumetville is located in Fond du Lac County
- Fond du Lac
(18 miles [29 km] to the southeast)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Fond du Lac
- Fond du Lac is located in Fond du Lac County
- Population from the 2020 Census: 43,178 people
- Brandon
(19 miles [30.6 km] to the south)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Brandon
- Brandon is located in Fond du Lac County
- Population from the 2020 Census: 845 people
- Green Lake County
- The following are listed by their distance from Zion, with the one closest to Zion listed first.
- Berlin
(14 miles [22.5 km] to the west) - Green Lake
(18 miles [29 km] to the southwest)- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Green Lake have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Green Lake
- Green Lake is located in Green Lake County
- Population from the 2020 Census: 959 people
- Markesan
(25 miles [40.2 km] to the southwest) - Princeton
(25 miles [40.2 km] to the southwest) - Marquette
(29 miles [46.7 km] to the southwest)
- Marquette County
- The following are listed by their distance from Zion, with the one closest to Zion listed first.
- Neshkoro
(27 miles [43.5 km] to the west) - Germania
(30 miles [48.3 km] to the west)
- Outagamie County
- The following are listed by their distance from Zion, with the one closest to Zion listed first.
- Medina
(19 miles [30.6 km] to the north) - Greenville
(21 miles [33.8 km] to the north)- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Greenville have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Greenville
- Greenville is located in Outagamie County
- Appleton
(21 miles [33.8 km] to the northeast)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Appleton
- Appleton is located in Outagamie County
- Population from the 2020 Census: 74,058 people
- Former name for Appleton:
- Appleton Junction
- Hortonville
(23 miles [37 km] to the north)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Hortonville
- Hortonville is located in Outagamie County
- Population from the 2020 Census: 2,976 people
- Kimberly
(24 miles [38.6 km] to the northeast)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Kimberly
- Kimberly is located in Outagamie County
- Population from the 2020 Census: 6,869 people
- Combined Locks
(25 miles [40.2 km] to the northeast)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Combined Locks
- Combined Locks is located in Outagamie County
- Population from the 2020 Census: 3,607 people
- Apple Creek
(26 miles [41.8 km] to the northeast)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Apple Creek
- Apple Creek is located in Outagamie County
- Little Chute
(26 miles [41.8 km] to the northeast)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Little Chute
- Little Chute is located in Outagamie County
- Population from the 2020 Census: 12,164 people
- Waupaca County
- The following are listed by their distance from Zion, with the one closest to Zion listed first.
- Fremont
(20 miles [32.2 km] to the northwest)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Fremont
- Fremont is located in Waupaca County
- Population from the 2020 Census: 647 people
- Gills Landing
(23 miles [37 km] to the northwest)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Gills Landing
- Gills Landing is located in Waupaca County
- Weyauwega
(26 miles [41.8 km] to the northwest) - New London
(27 miles [43.5 km] to the north)- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for New London have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for New London
- New London is located in Waupaca County
- Population from the 2020 Census: 7,065 people
- Ostrander
(28 miles [45.1 km] to the north)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Ostrander
- Ostrander is located in Waupaca County
- Waushara County
- The following are listed by their distance from Zion, with the one closest to Zion listed first.
- Poy Sippi
(19 miles [30.6 km] to the northwest)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Poy Sippi
- Poy Sippi is located in Waushara County
- West Bloomfield
(21 miles [33.8 km] to the northwest)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for West Bloomfield
- West Bloomfield is located in Waushara County
- Lohrville
(22 miles [35.4 km] to the west) - Redgranite
(22 miles [35.4 km] to the west)- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Redgranite have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Redgranite
- Redgranite is located in Waushara County
- Population from the 2020 Census: 2,111 people
- Pine River
(23 miles [37 km] to the northwest)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Pine River
- Pine River is located in Waushara County
- Saxeville
(25 miles [40.2 km] to the northwest)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Saxeville
- Saxeville is located in Waushara County
- Mount Morris
(27 miles [43.5 km] to the west)- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Mount Morris have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Mount Morris
- Mount Morris is located in Waushara County
- Silver Lake
(28 miles [45.1 km] to the west)- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Silver Lake have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Silver Lake
- Silver Lake is located in Waushara County
For an expanded list of the communities that are closest to Zion, see our County-by-County Page for Zion.
Newspapers Published in Zion ...
An ongoing effort between the Library of Congress and the National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) has resulted in the National Digital Newspaper Program (NDNP).
To share their results, the partnership has created the Chronicling America website. The goal of this partnership is to assemble a database about the current and historic newspapers of the United States. This includes a growing collection of scanned images from selected papers. All of it available to the public on their website.
Using information that we've taken from the Chronicling America website, we've identified 88 newspapers that have been published in the area around Zion.
Although we're unaware of any newspapers that were published in the immediate area of Zion, there are papers which were published within 23 miles [37 km]<2>. A list of those papers, sorted by paper name, can be found on the Extended Newspaper List for Zion.
Websites to Help With Your Genealogy Research ...
When we do our genealogical research, we first turn to the websites from Cyndi's List, FamilySearch and Genealogy Trails. These helpful websites offer the information directly or else point to where you can find it. Their information is open to everyone.
To help you get started, the following links will take you to the pages that are relevant to Zion:
- Websites specific to Wisconsin
- Jump to Cyndi's List
- Jump to Family Search
- Jump to Genealogy Trails
- Website for the //www.wisconsinhistory.org/
- Pages specific to Winnebago County
- Jump to Cyndi's List
- Jump to Family Search
- Jump to Genealogy Trails
- Genealogy information for nearby counties
- Calumet County
- Jump to Cyndi's List
- Jump to Family Search
- Jump to Genealogy Trails
- Dodge County
- Jump to Cyndi's List
- Jump to Family Search
- Jump to Genealogy Trails
- Fond du Lac County
- Jump to Cyndi's List
- Jump to Family Search
- Jump to Genealogy Trails
- Green Lake County
- Jump to Cyndi's List
- Jump to Family Search
- Jump to Genealogy Trails
- Marquette County
- Jump to Cyndi's List
- Jump to Family Search
- Jump to Genealogy Trails
- Outagamie County
- Jump to Cyndi's List
- Jump to Family Search
- Jump to Genealogy Trails
- Waupaca County
- Jump to Cyndi's List
- Jump to Family Search
- Jump to Genealogy Trails
- Waushara County
- Jump to Cyndi's List
- Jump to Family Search
- Jump to Genealogy Trails
- Calumet County
- Cemetery Information and Directories for Wisconsin
- Cemetery Junction: Cemeteries of Wisconsin
- Cyndi's List
- Cemeteries of Wisconsin
- Cemeteries of Winnebago County
- FamilySearch.org: Cemeteries of Wisconsin
- Find-A-Grave: Home Page
- Interment.net
- Cemeteries of Wisconsin
- Cemeteries of Winnebago County
Cemeteries Near Zion ...
Below are cemeteries that are in the vicinity of Zion.
This is a new section and is likely to have errors. If you find an error, such as a missing cemetery or we have the wrong name, please let us know. If you know of them, we would also appreciate learning about previous or alternate names.
If you need information about a burial or interment, photos, transcripts, how to contact the cemetery or local authorities, please visit our selection of Genealogy Websites (see below).
If not found below, our Cemetery List for Zion covers a larger area, with the cemeteries listed in alphabetical order.
The following cemeteries are listed based on their distance from Zion, with the one closest to Zion listed first.
- Minckler Cemetery
(Less than 2 miles to the south)- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for the Minckler Cemetery have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Minckler Cemetery
- Omro Union Cemetery
(2 miles [3.2 km] to the north)- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for the Omro Union Cemetery have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Omro Union Cemetery
- Tice Cemetery
(2 miles [3.2 km] to the west)- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for the Tice Cemetery have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Tice Cemetery
- Omro Junction Cemetery
(2 miles [3.2 km] to the north)- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for the Omro Junction Cemetery have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Omro Junction Cemetery
- Ellinwood Cemetery
(3 miles [4.8 km] to the east)- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for the Ellinwood Cemetery have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Ellinwood Cemetery
- Sacred Heart Cemetery
(4 miles [6.4 km] to the east)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Sacred Heart Cemetery
- Jump to Find-A-Grave: FG ID #88882 <3>
- Omro Cemetery
(4 miles [6.4 km] to the west)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Omro Cemetery
- Jump to Find-A-Grave: FG ID #2314844 <3>
- Salem Cemetery
(5 miles [8 km] to the southeast)- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for the Salem Cemetery have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Salem Cemetery
- Riverside Cemetery
(5 miles [8 km] to the northeast)- To give a relative sense of its location, the Riverside Cemetery is a very large cemetery that is located in Oshkosh.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Riverside Cemetery
- Jump to Find-A-Grave: FG ID #88818 <3>
- Waukau Cemetery
(5 miles [8 km] to the west)- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for the Waukau Cemetery have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Waukau Cemetery
- Liberty Prairie Cemetery
(6 miles [9.7 km] to the southwest)- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for the Liberty Prairie Cemetery have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Liberty Prairie Cemetery
- Bethesda Cemetery
(6 miles [9.7 km] to the south)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Bethesda Cemetery
- Continue List (269 more) ...
- Boyd Cemetery
(6 miles [9.7 km] to the east)- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for the Boyd Cemetery have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Boyd Cemetery
- Peace Cemetery
(6 miles [9.7 km] to the east)- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for the Peace Cemetery have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Peace Cemetery
- Peace Lutheran Cemetery
(6 miles [9.7 km] to the east)- The Peace Lutheran Cemetery has also been known as:
- Doty Street Lutheran Cemetery
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Peace Lutheran Cemetery
- Jump to Find-A-Grave: FG ID #221982 <3>
- Boyd Cemetery
Nearby Communities in 1895 ...
We've built the following list with information that came from an Atlas published by Rand McNally in 1895. The Atlas had details such as the population of the community (which appears to have come from the 1890 Census) and whether there was a post office and/or railroad service available. We also indicate if the community no longer exists and is now historic.<4>
The Rand McNally Atlas shows that in 1895, Zion had a post office and no railroad service.
These communities are listed based on their distance from Zion, with the one closest to Zion listed first.
- Fitzgerald
(2 miles [3.2 km] to the southeast)- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Fitzgerald have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Fitzgerald
- Fitzgerald is located in Winnebago County
- Fisk
(3 miles [4.8 km] to the south)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Fisk
- Fisk is located in Winnebago County
- Elo
(4 miles [6.4 km] to the southwest) - Omro
(5 miles [8 km] to the northwest)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Omro
- Omro is located in Winnebago County
- Population from the 2020 Census: 3,592 people
- Waukau
(5 miles [8 km] to the west) - Pickett
(6 miles [9.7 km] to the southwest)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Pickett
- Pickett is located in Winnebago County
- Ring
(6 miles [9.7 km] to the south) - Oshkosh
(6 miles [9.7 km] to the east)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Oshkosh
- Oshkosh is located in Winnebago County
- Population from the 2020 Census: 66,495 people
- Black Wolf
(7 miles [11.3 km] to the southeast)- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Black Wolf have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Black Wolf
- Black Wolf is located in Winnebago County
- Butte des Morts
(7 miles [11.3 km] to the north)- Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Butte des Morts have been provided by the GNIS.<1> The coordinates still need to be verified.
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Butte des Morts
- Butte des Morts is located in Winnebago County
- Winnebago
(8 miles [12.9 km] to the northeast) - Eureka
(8 miles [12.9 km] to the west) - Continue List (16 more) ...
- Allenville
(9 miles [14.5 km] to the north)- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Allenville
- Allenville is located in Winnebago County
- Rush Lake
(10 miles [16.1 km] to the southwest) - Van Dyne
(10 miles [16.1 km] to the southeast)
- Allenville
We've also created an expanded list of communities that existed in the 1890's and were located in the area around Zion. See our List of 1890's Communities around Zion.
Off-the-Road Links ...
Unfortunately, we don't know of a website for Zion. If you can help, please contact us through our Feedback Page.
The official website for Winnebago County: www.co.winnebago.wi.us/
The official website for State of Wisconsin: https://www.wisconsin.gov/
Footnotes ...
| <1> | The location has been supplied by the Geographic Names Information System - which is maintained by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). While these values should be definitive, we found that accuracy can vary and you should double-check the location if accuracy is required. |
| <2> | Our distances are not driving distances, but are calculated as a 'straight-line' (or point-to-point) distance. A straight line distance ignores obstructions like rivers, canyons, lakes, et cetera - it's truly a line drawn from Point A (ie- Zion) to Point B.Our distance measurements begin at a specific point in Zion. The point we use is located at these GPS coordinates - Latitude: 43.9969, Longitude: -88.6621 In this case, the coordinates for Zion have been provided by the Geographic Names Information System (GNIS). |
| <3> | The Find-a-Grave website is an excellent research tool with information about a cemetery's location and interments. They also offer a forum for their members which can provide additional help. More information about Find-a-Grave can be found on their website: findagrave.com. |
| <4> | We use the term 'Historic' broadly and it generally means that the community no longer exists. However, it can also mean that the community might still exist, but was significantly larger or had a more 'official' existence in the past than it does now. Unfortunately our sources of data have proven to be unreliable. If you can provide us with more specific information about Zion, please let us know so that we can improve our accuracy. |