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Our Genealogy Helper

Introduction ...

We have a couple of goals for our Gazetteer:

  • That it be a tool which helps us with planning our trips.
  • We're trying to shape our Gazetteer as a tool to help us understand the community in which our ancestors lived, the community that was part of their daily lives.
  • On our trips, we try to visit those places where our ancestors left their footprints.

By learning about Juniata Furnace (and the surrounding area) during the time that our ancestors lived, we hope to have a better understanding of both their community and its relationship to their lifes. We hope that this tool helps to give us an insight into their world.

As we add data and organize our Gazetteer to help with our family research, we will be adding to this our Genealogical Helper for Juniata Furnace. While we don't have information that is specific to any given person or family, we intend to expand our understanding about where and how people lived.

Neighboring Counties ...

When searching for family records, we have frequently made the mistake of not checking the neighboring counties.

For example, we have great-grandparents who lived in the southeast corner of their home county. During their lives, most hospitals were in the next county to the east. Almost all of the nearby churches and cemeteries were in the county to the south.

So when searching for records, we had our best success by looking in neighboring counties instead of the county in which they lived:  their home county contained property and probate records; the county to the east contained birth and death records; the county to the south contained their burial records. If we hadn't included the neighboring counties, we would have missed many valuable sources of information.

If you're in a similar situation, we hope that the following information helps.

Juniata Furnace is located in Perry County.

To see how the shape of Pennsylvania's counties may have changed over time, we recommend the Atlas of Historical County Boundaries.

The following counties adjoin and form the boundaries of Perry County: Cumberland, Dauphin, Franklin, Juniata & Northumberland.

Below are the counties that are near Juniata Furnace. For each of these counties, we show a sample of those communities that are closest to Juniata Furnace:

  • Perry County     (The home county of Juniata Furnace)
    • The following are listed by their distance from Juniata Furnace, with the one closest to Juniata Furnace listed first.
    • Newport
      (2 miles [3.2 km] to the northeast)
    • Blain
      (2 miles [3.2 km] to the south)
    • Mecks Corner
      (4 miles [6.4 km] to the south)
      • Mecks Corner is located in Perry County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Mecks Corner
    • Bailey
      (5 miles [8 km] to the east)
      • Bailey is located in Perry County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Bailey
    • Rose Glen
      (5 miles [8 km] to the southeast)
      • Rose Glen is located in Perry County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Rose Glen
    • Millerstown
      (6 miles [9.7 km] to the north)
    • Falling Spring
      (7 miles [11.3 km] to the south)
      • Falling Spring is located in Perry County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Falling Spring
    • Elliottsburg
      (7 miles [11.3 km] to the southwest)
      • Elliottsburg is located in Perry County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Elliottsburg
    • Eshcol
      (7 miles [11.3 km] to the west)
      • Eshcol is located in Perry County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Eshcol
    • Reward
      (8 miles [12.9 km] to the northeast)
      • Reward is located in Perry County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Reward
    • Duncannon
      (8 miles [12.9 km] to the southeast)
    • Alinda
      (9 miles [14.5 km] to the southwest)
      • Alinda is located in Perry County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Alinda
    • Ickesburg
      (9 miles [14.5 km] to the west)
      • Ickesburg is located in Perry County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Ickesburg
  • Adams County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Juniata Furnace, with the one closest to Juniata Furnace listed first.
    • Latimore
      (28 miles [45.1 km] to the south)
      • Latimore is located in Adams County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Latimore
    • Gargol
      (30 miles [48.3 km] to the south)
      • Gargol is located in Adams County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Gargol
    • Idaville
      (30 miles [48.3 km] to the south)
      • Idaville is located in Adams County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Idaville
    • York Springs
      (30 miles [48.3 km] to the south)
  • Allegheny County
    • Bloomfield
      (2 miles [3.2 km] to the south)
      • Bloomfield is located in Allegheny County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Bloomfield
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 1,255 people
  • Centre County
    • Ingleby
      (30 miles [48.3 km] to the northwest)
      • Ingleby is located in Centre County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Ingleby
  • Cumberland County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Juniata Furnace, with the one closest to Juniata Furnace listed first.
    • Caprivi
      (14 miles [22.5 km] to the south)
      • Caprivi is located in Cumberland County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Caprivi
    • Schlusser
      (14 miles [22.5 km] to the south)
      • Schlusser is located in Cumberland County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Schlusser
    • Middlesex
      (15 miles [24.1 km] to the south)
      • Middlesex is located in Cumberland County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Middlesex
    • Westwood Village
      (15 miles [24.1 km] to the southeast)
      • Westwood Village is located in Cumberland County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Westwood Village
    • New Kingstown
      (16 miles [25.7 km] to the south)
    • Enola
      (16 miles [25.7 km] to the southeast)
    • Good Hope
      (16 miles [25.7 km] to the southeast)
      • Good Hope is located in Cumberland County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Good Hope
    • Carlisle
      (17 miles [27.4 km] to the south)
    • Plainfield
      (18 miles [29 km] to the south)
    • Roxbury
      (18 miles [29 km] to the south)
      • Roxbury is located in Cumberland County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Roxbury
    • Mechanicsburg
      (18 miles [29 km] to the southeast)
    • Sporting Hill
      (18 miles [29 km] to the southeast)
      • Sporting Hill is located in Cumberland County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Sporting Hill
    • Trindle Springs
      (18 miles [29 km] to the southeast)
      • Trindle Springs is located in Cumberland County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Trindle Springs
  • Dauphin County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Juniata Furnace, with the one closest to Juniata Furnace listed first.
    • Halifax
      (12 miles [19.3 km] to the east)
    • Millersburg
      (13 miles [20.9 km] to the northeast)
    • Dauphin
      (13 miles [20.9 km] to the southeast)
    • Fisherville
      (15 miles [24.1 km] to the east)
      • Fisherville is located in Dauphin County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Fisherville
    • Stone Glen
      (15 miles [24.1 km] to the east)
      • Stone Glen is located in Dauphin County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Stone Glen
    • Paxton
      (15 miles [24.1 km] to the northeast)
      • Paxton is located in Dauphin County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Paxton
    • Fort Hunter
      (15 miles [24.1 km] to the southeast)
      • Fort Hunter is located in Dauphin County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Fort Hunter
    • Enders
      (16 miles [25.7 km] to the east)
      • Enders is located in Dauphin County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Enders
    • Rife
      (16 miles [25.7 km] to the northeast)
      • Rife is located in Dauphin County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Rife
    • Enterline
      (17 miles [27.4 km] to the east)
      • Enterline is located in Dauphin County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Enterline
    • Lucknow
      (17 miles [27.4 km] to the southeast)
      • Lucknow is located in Dauphin County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Lucknow
    • Elizabethville
      (19 miles [30.6 km] to the east)
    • Harrisburg
      (19 miles [30.6 km] to the southeast)
  • Juniata County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Juniata Furnace, with the one closest to Juniata Furnace listed first.
    • Locust Run
      (8 miles [12.9 km] to the northwest)
      • Locust Run is located in Juniata County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Locust Run
    • Thompsontown
      (8 miles [12.9 km] to the northwest)
    • Seven Stars
      (11 miles [17.7 km] to the north)
      • Seven Stars is located in Juniata County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Seven Stars
    • Mexico
      (11 miles [17.7 km] to the northwest)
      • Mexico is located in Juniata County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Mexico
    • Port Royal
      (12 miles [19.3 km] to the northwest)
    • Old Port
      (12 miles [19.3 km] to the west)
      • Old Port is located in Juniata County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Old Port
    • McAlisterville
      (13 miles [20.9 km] to the northwest)
    • Knousetown
      (14 miles [22.5 km] to the north)
      • Knousetown is located in Juniata County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Knousetown
    • Swales
      (14 miles [22.5 km] to the north)
      • Swales is located in Juniata County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Swales
    • Mifflin
      (14 miles [22.5 km] to the northwest)
      • Mifflin is located in Juniata County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Mifflin
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 606 people
    • Mifflintown
      (14 miles [22.5 km] to the northwest)
    • Richfield
      (16 miles [25.7 km] to the north)
    • Doyles Mills
      (18 miles [29 km] to the west)
      • Doyles Mills is located in Juniata County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Doyles Mills
  • Lebanon County
    • Fort Indiantown Gap
      (30 miles [48.3 km] to the east)
      • Fort Indiantown Gap is located in Lebanon County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Fort Indiantown Gap
  • Mifflin County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Juniata Furnace, with the one closest to Juniata Furnace listed first.
    • Alfarata
      (20 miles [32.2 km] to the northwest)
      • Alfarata is located in Mifflin County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Alfarata
    • Paintersville
      (20 miles [32.2 km] to the northwest)
      • Paintersville is located in Mifflin County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Paintersville
    • Highland Park
      (23 miles [37 km] to the northwest)
      • Highland Park is located in Mifflin County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Highland Park
    • Lewistown Junction
      (23 miles [37 km] to the northwest)
      • Lewistown Junction is located in Mifflin County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Lewistown Junction
    • Lewistown
      (23 miles [37 km] to the northwest)
    • Juniata Terrace
      (23 miles [37 km] to the west)
      • Juniata Terrace is located in Mifflin County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Juniata Terrace
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 533 people
    • Burnham
      (24 miles [38.6 km] to the northwest)
    • Yeagertown
      (25 miles [40.2 km] to the northwest)
    • Anderson
      (25 miles [40.2 km] to the west)
      • Anderson is located in Mifflin County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Anderson
    • Honey Creek
      (26 miles [41.8 km] to the northwest)
      • Honey Creek is located in Mifflin County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Honey Creek
    • Lumber City
      (26 miles [41.8 km] to the northwest)
      • Lumber City is located in Mifflin County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Lumber City
    • Reedsville
      (26 miles [41.8 km] to the northwest)
    • Kishacoquillas
      (28 miles [45.1 km] to the northwest)
      • Kishacoquillas is located in Mifflin County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Kishacoquillas
  • Northumberland County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Juniata Furnace, with the one closest to Juniata Furnace listed first.
    • Malta
      (17 miles [27.4 km] to the northeast)
      • Malta is located in Northumberland County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Malta
    • Mandata
      (23 miles [37 km] to the northeast)
      • Mandata is located in Northumberland County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Mandata
    • Herndon
      (24 miles [38.6 km] to the northeast)
      • Herndon is located in Northumberland County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Herndon
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 299 people
      • Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Herndon <1>
    • Asherton
      (29 miles [46.7 km] to the northeast)
      • Asherton is located in Northumberland County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Asherton
    • Selinsgrove Junction
      (29 miles [46.7 km] to the northeast)
      • Selinsgrove Junction is located in Northumberland County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Selinsgrove Junction
  • Schuylkill County
  • Snyder County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Juniata Furnace, with the one closest to Juniata Furnace listed first.
    • Aline
      (18 miles [29 km] to the northeast)
      • Aline is located in Snyder County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Aline
    • McClure
      (18 miles [29 km] to the northwest)
    • Hoffer
      (19 miles [30.6 km] to the northeast)
      • Hoffer is located in Snyder County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Hoffer
    • McKees Half Falls
      (19 miles [30.6 km] to the northeast)
      • McKees Half Falls is located in Snyder County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for McKees Half Falls
    • Shadle
      (19 miles [30.6 km] to the northeast)
      • Shadle is located in Snyder County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Shadle
    • Beaver Springs
      (20 miles [32.2 km] to the north)
      • Beaver Springs is located in Snyder County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Beaver Springs
    • Beavertown
      (20 miles [32.2 km] to the north)
    • Mount Pleasant Mills
      (20 miles [32.2 km] to the northeast)
    • Middle Creek
      (21 miles [33.8 km] to the north)
      • Middle Creek is located in Snyder County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Middle Creek
    • Chapman
      (21 miles [33.8 km] to the northeast)
      • Chapman is located in Snyder County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Chapman
    • Pallas
      (21 miles [33.8 km] to the northeast)
      • Pallas is located in Snyder County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Pallas
    • Bannerville
      (21 miles [33.8 km] to the northwest)
      • Bannerville is located in Snyder County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Bannerville
    • Benfer
      (22 miles [35.4 km] to the north)
      • Benfer is located in Snyder County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Benfer
  • Union County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Juniata Furnace, with the one closest to Juniata Furnace listed first.
    • Cherry Run
      (28 miles [45.1 km] to the north)
      • Cherry Run is located in Union County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Cherry Run
    • Glen Iron
      (28 miles [45.1 km] to the north)
      • Glen Iron is located in Union County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Glen Iron
    • Pardee
      (28 miles [45.1 km] to the north)
      • Pardee is located in Union County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Pardee
    • Laurelton
      (29 miles [46.7 km] to the north)
      • Laurelton is located in Union County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Laurelton
    • Millmont
      (29 miles [46.7 km] to the north)
    • Hartleton
      (30 miles [48.3 km] to the north)
      • Hartleton is located in Union County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Hartleton
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 275 people
  • York County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Juniata Furnace, with the one closest to Juniata Furnace listed first.
    • New Market
      (23 miles [37 km] to the southeast)
      • New Market is located in York County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for New Market
    • Rudytown ‑ Historic
      (23 miles [37 km] to the southeast)
      • Rudytown is located in York County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Rudytown
    • Siddonsburg
      (23 miles [37 km] to the southeast)
      • Siddonsburg is located in York County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Siddonsburg
    • Andersontown
      (24 miles [38.6 km] to the southeast)
      • Andersontown is located in York County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Andersontown
    • Marsh Run
      (25 miles [40.2 km] to the southeast)
      • Marsh Run is located in York County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Marsh Run
    • Nauvoo
      (25 miles [40.2 km] to the southeast)
      • Nauvoo is located in York County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Nauvoo
    • Dillsburg
      (26 miles [41.8 km] to the south)
    • Uniontown
      (27 miles [43.5 km] to the south)
      • Uniontown is located in York County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Uniontown
    • Lewisberry
      (27 miles [43.5 km] to the southeast)
    • Redland Village
      (27 miles [43.5 km] to the southeast)
      • Redland Village is located in York County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Redland Village
    • Mount Top
      (28 miles [45.1 km] to the south)
      • Mount Top is located in York County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Mount Top
    • Quaker Village
      (28 miles [45.1 km] to the southeast)
      • Quaker Village is located in York County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Quaker Village
    • Valley Green
      (28 miles [45.1 km] to the southeast)
      • Valley Green is located in York County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Valley Green

For an expanded list of the communities that are closest to Juniata Furnace, see our County-by-County Page for Juniata Furnace.

Cemeteries Near Juniata Furnace ...

Below are cemeteries that are in the vicinity of Juniata Furnace.

This is a new section and is likely to have errors. If you find an error, such as a missing cemetery or we have the wrong name, please let us know. If you know of them, we would also appreciate learning about previous or alternate names.

Although we don't have the information ourselves, if you need information about a burial or interment, photos, transcripts, how to contact the cemetery or local authorities, please visit our list of websites on our Genealogy Helper Page for Juniata Furnace - one of the links might be able to help.

If not found below, our Cemetery List for Juniata Furnace covers a larger area, with the cemeteries listed in alphabetical order.

The following cemeteries are listed based on their distance from Juniata Furnace, with the one closest to Juniata Furnace listed first.

  • Newport Cemetery
    (Less than 2 miles to the northeast)
  • Snyders Cemetery
    (4 miles [6.4 km] to the southeast)
  • Deardorff Cemetery
    (4 miles [6.4 km] to the north)
  • Mitchell Cemetery
    (5 miles [8 km] to the northeast)
  • Riverview Cemetery
    (6 miles [9.7 km] to the north)
  • Bull Hill Cemetery
    (6 miles [9.7 km] to the northwest)
  • Eshcol Memorial Cemetery
    (6 miles [9.7 km] to the west)
  • Thompson Cemetery
    (8 miles [12.9 km] to the north)
  • Thompson's Lock Cemetery
    (8 miles [12.9 km] to the north)
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Thompson's Lock Cemetery
    • To give a relative sense of its location, the Thompson's Lock Cemetery is located outside and to the east of Thompsontown.
    • The Thompson's Lock Cemetery has also been known as:
    • Thompson Cemetery
    • Jump to Find-A-Grave: FG ID #46466 <2>
  • Evergreen Cemetery
    (8 miles [12.9 km] to the southeast)
  • Duncannon Presbyterian Cemetery
    (8 miles [12.9 km] to the southeast)
  • St. Matthew Cemetery
    (8 miles [12.9 km] to the northeast)
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for St. Matthew Cemetery
    • The St. Matthew Cemetery has also been known as:
    • St. Matthew Lutheran Church Cemetery
  • Continue List   (169 more) ...
    • Reward UMC Cemetery
      (8 miles [12.9 km] to the northeast)
    • Marshal Chapel Cemetery
      (8 miles [12.9 km] to the north)
    • Auker Cemetery
      (8 miles [12.9 km] to the north)

Nearby Communities in 1895 ...

We've built the following list with information that came from an Atlas published by Rand McNally in 1895. The Atlas had details such as the population of the community (which appears to have come from the 1890 Census) and whether there was a post office and/or railroad service available. We also indicate if the community no longer exists and is now historic.<3>

While we didn't find Juniata Furnace in the Atlas, the following 1895 communities would have been found near the current location of Juniata Furnace.

These communities are listed based on their distance from Juniata Furnace, with the one closest to Juniata Furnace listed first.

  • Wahneta
    (Less than 2 miles to the west)
    • Wahneta is located in Perry County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Wahneta
  • Blain
    (2 miles [3.2 km] to the south)
  • Bloomfield
    (2 miles [3.2 km] to the south)
    • Bloomfield is located in Allegheny County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Bloomfield
    • Population from the 2020 Census: 1,255 people
  • New Bloomfield
    (2 miles [3.2 km] to the south)
  • Newport
    (2 miles [3.2 km] to the northeast)
  • Mannsville
    (5 miles [8 km] to the west)
    • Mannsville is located in Perry County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Mannsville
  • Bailey
    (5 miles [8 km] to the east)
    • Bailey is located in Perry County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Bailey
  • Donnally Mills
    (5 miles [8 km] to the northwest)
    • Donnally Mills is located in Perry County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Donnally Mills
  • Dellville
    (6 miles [9.7 km] to the southeast)
    • Dellville is located in Perry County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Dellville
  • Acker
    (6 miles [9.7 km] to the northeast)
    • Acker is located in Perry County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Acker
  • Millerstown
    (6 miles [9.7 km] to the north)
  • Elliottsburg
    (7 miles [11.3 km] to the southwest)
    • Elliottsburg is located in Perry County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Elliottsburg
  • Continue List   (15 more) ...
    • Falling Spring
      (7 miles [11.3 km] to the south)
      • Falling Spring is located in Perry County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Falling Spring
    • Losh Run
      (7 miles [11.3 km] to the east)
      • Losh Run is located in Perry County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Losh Run
    • Eshcol
      (7 miles [11.3 km] to the west)
      • Eshcol is located in Perry County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Eshcol

We've also created an expanded list of communities that existed in the 1890's and were located in the area around Juniata Furnace. See our List of 1890's Communities around Juniata Furnace.

Newspapers Published in Juniata Furnace ...

An ongoing effort between the Library of Congress and the National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) has resulted in the National Digital Newspaper Program (NDNP).

To share their results, the partnership has created the Chronicling America website. The goal of this partnership is to assemble a database about the current and historic newspapers of the United States. This includes a growing collection of scanned images from selected papers. All of it available to the public on their website.

Using information that we've taken from the Chronicling America website, we've identified 67 newspapers that have been published in the area around Juniata Furnace.

Although we're unaware of any newspapers that were published in the immediate area of Juniata Furnace, there are papers which were published within 17 miles [27.4 km]<4>. A list of those papers, sorted by paper name, can be found on the Extended Newspaper List for Juniata Furnace.

Websites to Help With Your Genealogy Research ...

When we do our genealogical research, we start with the websites from Cyndi's List, FamilySearch and Genealogy Trails. These professional and volunteer websites offer the information directly or else point to where you can find it. Their information is open to everyone.

To help you get started, the following links will take you to the pages that are relevant to Juniata Furnace:

Footnotes ...

<1>While we're fans and frequent users of TripAdvisor, you should know that we're also members of the TripAdvisor affiliate program.
<2>The Find-a-Grave website is an excellent research tool with information about a cemetery's location and interments. They also offer a forum for their members which can provide additional help. More information about Find-a-Grave can be found on their website: findagrave.com.
<3>We use the term 'Historic' broadly and it generally means that the community no longer exists. However, it can also mean that the community might still exist, but was significantly larger or had a more 'official' existence in the past than it does now. Unfortunately our sources of data have proven to be unreliable. If you can provide us with more specific information about Juniata Furnace, please let us know so that we can improve our accuracy.
<4>Our distances are not driving distances, but are calculated as a 'point-to-point' distance. A straight line distance ignores things like rivers, canyons, lakes, et cetera - it's truly a line from Point A (ie- Juniata Furnace) to Point B. In other words: 'As the crow flies'.