Chigwell (Alberta) - Cemeteries

List of Neighboring Cemeteries ...

Below are cemeteries that are in the vicinity of Chigwell (within 40 miles [64.4 km]<1>). The cemeteries are listed in alphabetical order.

The following cemeteries are located in .

Alix Cemetery
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Alix Cemetery
- The Alix Cemetery is a large cemetery that is located outside and to the northeast of Alix.Stated another way, Alix Cemetery lies 16 miles [25.7 km]<1> to the east of Chigwell.
- Jump to Google Maps centered on Alix Cemetery
- Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2298412<2>
Alto Reste Cemetery
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Alto Reste Cemetery
- The Alto Reste Cemetery is a large cemetery that is located outside and to the east of Red Deer.More accurately, Alto Reste Cemetery lies 17 miles [27.4 km]<1> to the southwest of Chigwell.
- Alto Reste Cemetery has also been known as:
- Alto - Reste Memorial Gardens
- Jump to Google Maps centered on Alto Reste Cemetery
- Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2131209<2>
Aspelund Cemetery
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Aspelund Cemetery
- The Aspelund Cemetery is located 9 miles [14.5 km]<1> to the southeast of Red Deer.More precisely, Aspelund Cemetery lies 20 miles [32.2 km] to the southwest of Chigwell.
- Aspelund Cemetery has also been known as:
- Aspeland Cemetery
- Jump to Google Maps centered on Aspelund Cemetery
- Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2500225<2>
Bashaw Cemetery
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Bashaw Cemetery
- Bashaw Cemetery lies 24 miles [38.6 km]<1> to the east of Chigwell.
- Jump to Google Maps centered on Bashaw Cemetery
Bentley Cemetery
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Bentley Cemetery
- The Bentley Cemetery is a large cemetery that is located outside and to the southeast of Bentley.Bentley Cemetery lies 21 miles [33.8 km]<1> to the west of Chigwell.
- Jump to Google Maps centered on Bentley Cemetery
- Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2414665<2>
Bentley Colony Cemetery
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Bentley Colony Cemetery
- The Bentley Colony Cemetery is located 4 miles [6.4 km]<1> to the northwest of Bentley.Stated another way, Bentley Colony Cemetery lies 20 miles [32.2 km] to the west of Chigwell.
- Jump to Google Maps centered on Bentley Colony Cemetery
Bentley Seventh Day Adventist Cemetery
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Bentley Seventh Day Adventist Cemetery
- The Bentley Seventh Day Adventist Cemetery is located 2 miles [3.2 km]<1> to the north of Bentley.To be precise, Bentley Seventh Day Adventist Cemetery lies 21 miles [33.8 km] to the west of Chigwell.
- Jump to Google Maps centered on Bentley Seventh Day Adventist Cemetery
Blackfalds Cemetery
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Blackfalds Cemetery
- Blackfalds Cemetery lies 13 miles [20.9 km]<1> to the southwest of Chigwell.
- Jump to Google Maps centered on Blackfalds Cemetery
Bradshaw Cemetery
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Bradshaw Cemetery
- Bradshaw Cemetery lies 38 miles [61.2 km]<1> to the west of Chigwell.
- Jump to Google Maps centered on Bradshaw Cemetery
- Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2499825<2>
Calumet Cemetery
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Calumet Cemetery
- Calumet Cemetery lies 17 miles [27.4 km]<1> to the northeast of Chigwell.
- Jump to Google Maps centered on Calumet Cemetery
Crooked Lake Community Church Cemetery
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Crooked Lake Community Church Cemetery
- Crooked Lake Community Church Cemetery lies 39 miles [62.8 km]<1> to the north of Chigwell.
- Crooked Lake Community Church Cemetery has also been known as:
- Crooked Lake Cemetery
- Crooked Lake Church Cemetery
- Jump to Google Maps centered on Crooked Lake Community Church Cemetery
Dakota United Church Cemetery
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Dakota United Church Cemetery
- Dakota United Church Cemetery lies 21 miles [33.8 km]<1> to the northwest of Chigwell.
- Dakota United Church Cemetery has also been known as:
- Dakota Cemetery
- Dakota Settlement Cemetery
- Dakota United Cemetery
- Jump to Google Maps centered on Dakota United Church Cemetery
- Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2513576<2>
Dalby Swedish Lutheran Cemetery
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Dalby Swedish Lutheran Cemetery
- Dalby Swedish Lutheran Cemetery lies 35 miles [56.3 km]<1> to the northwest of Chigwell.
- Dalby Swedish Lutheran Cemetery has also been known as:
- Dalby Cemetery
- Jump to Google Maps centered on Dalby Swedish Lutheran Cemetery
- Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2386480<2>
Delburne Cemetery
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Delburne Cemetery
- Delburne Cemetery lies 24 miles [38.6 km]<1> to the southeast of Chigwell.
- Jump to Google Maps centered on Delburne Cemetery
Dorenlee Cemetery
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Dorenlee Cemetery
- Dorenlee Cemetery lies 28 miles [45.1 km]<1> to the northeast of Chigwell.
- Jump to Google Maps centered on Dorenlee Cemetery
- Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2370453<2>
Dried Meat Lake Cemetery
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Dried Meat Lake Cemetery
- Dried Meat Lake Cemetery lies 39 miles [62.8 km]<1> to the northeast of Chigwell.
- Dried Meat Lake Cemetery has also been known as:
- Dried Meat Lake United Church Cemetery
- Jump to Google Maps centered on Dried Meat Lake Cemetery
Earlville Rutherford Cemetery
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Earlville Rutherford Cemetery
- Earlville Rutherford Cemetery lies 11 miles [17.7 km]<1> to the northeast of Chigwell.
- Jump to Google Maps centered on Earlville Rutherford Cemetery
Eckville Cemetery
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Eckville Cemetery
- Eckville Cemetery lies 36 miles [57.9 km]<1> to the west of Chigwell.
- Jump to Google Maps centered on Eckville Cemetery
- Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2396593<2>
Elnora Cemetery
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Elnora Cemetery
- The Elnora Cemetery is a large cemetery that is located less than 2 miles<1> to the northwest of Elnora.To be more precise, Elnora Cemetery lies 38 miles [61.2 km] to the south of Chigwell.
- Jump to Google Maps centered on Elnora Cemetery
- Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #1968317<2>
Emmaus Lutheran Church Cemetery
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Emmaus Lutheran Church Cemetery
- Emmaus Lutheran Church Cemetery lies 34 miles [54.7 km]<1> to the north of Chigwell.
- Jump to Google Maps centered on Emmaus Lutheran Church Cemetery
- Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2558124<2>
Erskine Cemetery
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Erskine Cemetery
- Erskine Cemetery lies 29 miles [46.7 km]<1> to the east of Chigwell.
- Jump to Google Maps centered on Erskine Cemetery
- Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2279695<2>
Fairview Cemetery
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Fairview Cemetery
- The Fairview Cemetery is a large cemetery that is located in Lacombe.Stated another way, Fairview Cemetery lies 8 miles [12.9 km]<1> to the west of Chigwell.
- Fairview Cemetery has also been known as:
- Lacombe Cemetery
- Jump to Google Maps centered on Fairview Cemetery
- Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2239693<2>
Forest Home Cemetery
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Forest Home Cemetery
- Forest Home Cemetery lies 13 miles [20.9 km]<1> to the north of Chigwell.
- Jump to Google Maps centered on Forest Home Cemetery
- Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2191704<2>
Fridhem Cemetery
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Fridhem Cemetery
- The Fridhem Cemetery is located 4 miles [6.4 km]<1> to the west of Ferintosh.To be more precise, Fridhem Cemetery lies 33 miles [53.1 km] to the northeast of Chigwell.
- Fridhem Cemetery has also been known as:
- Fridhem Baptist Cemetery
- Fridhem Baptist Church Cemetery
- Jump to Google Maps centered on Fridhem Cemetery
- Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2145013<2>
Great Bend Cemetery
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Great Bend Cemetery
- Great Bend Cemetery lies 22 miles [35.4 km]<1> to the southeast of Chigwell.
- Jump to Google Maps centered on Great Bend Cemetery
- Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2460722<2>
Holy Trinity Anglican Church Cemetery
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Holy Trinity Anglican Church Cemetery
- Holy Trinity Anglican Church Cemetery lies 26 miles [41.8 km]<1> to the south of Chigwell.
- Holy Trinity Anglican Church Cemetery has also been known as:
- Holy Trinity Cemetery
- Pine Lake Cemetery
- Jump to Google Maps centered on Holy Trinity Anglican Church Cemetery
- Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2445412<2>
Horn Hill Cemetery
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Horn Hill Cemetery
- Horn Hill Cemetery lies 26 miles [41.8 km]<1> to the south of Chigwell.
- Jump to Google Maps centered on Horn Hill Cemetery
- Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2382719<2>
Innisfail Cemetery
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Innisfail Cemetery
- Innisfail Cemetery lies 36 miles [57.9 km]<1> to the southwest of Chigwell.
- Jump to Google Maps centered on Innisfail Cemetery
- Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2175515<2>
Kuusamo Cemetery
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Kuusamo Cemetery
- Kuusamo Cemetery lies 31 miles [49.9 km]<1> to the southwest of Chigwell.
- Jump to Google Maps centered on Kuusamo Cemetery
- Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2556483<2>
Lake View Cemetery
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Lake View Cemetery
- Lake View Cemetery lies 36 miles [57.9 km]<1> to the east of Chigwell.
- Lake View Cemetery has also been known as:
- Lakeview Cemetery
- Jump to Google Maps centered on Lake View Cemetery
- Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2135287<2>
Continue List (31 more) ...
- Lakeview Cemetery
  - Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Lakeview Cemetery
  - Lakeview Cemetery lies 38 miles [61.2 km]<1> to the northeast of Chigwell.
  - Jump to Google Maps centered on Lakeview Cemetery
  - Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2537504<2>
- Lakeview Cemetery
  - Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Lakeview Cemetery
  - Lakeview Cemetery lies 37 miles [59.5 km]<1> to the southeast of Chigwell.
  - Lakeview Cemetery has also been known as:
  - Fenn Cemetery
  - lake View Cemetery
  - Lakeview / Fenn Cemetery
  - Jump to Google Maps centered on Lakeview Cemetery
  - Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2641255<2>
- Lakeview Cemetery
  - Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Lakeview Cemetery
  - Lakeview Cemetery lies 27 miles [43.5 km]<1> to the southwest of Chigwell.
  - Lakeview Cemetery has also been known as:
  - Lake View Cemetery
  - Jump to Google Maps centered on Lakeview Cemetery
  - Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2379295<2>
- Liberal Cemetery
  - Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Liberal Cemetery
  - Liberal Cemetery lies 29 miles [46.7 km]<1> to the east of Chigwell.
  - Liberal Cemetery has also been known as:
  - Liberal Church Cemetery
  - Jump to Google Maps centered on Liberal Cemetery
  - Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2432001<2>
- Littlerock Cemetery
  - Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Littlerock Cemetery
  - Littlerock Cemetery lies 32 miles [51.5 km]<1> to the northeast of Chigwell.
  - Jump to Google Maps centered on Littlerock Cemetery
  - Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2597554<2>
- Louis Bull Cemetery
  - Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Louis Bull Cemetery
  - Louis Bull Cemetery lies 27 miles [43.5 km]<1> to the north of Chigwell.
  - Jump to Google Maps centered on Louis Bull Cemetery
  - Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2462590<2>
- Lousana Cemetery
  - Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Lousana Cemetery
  - Lousana Cemetery lies 30 miles [48.3 km]<1> to the southeast of Chigwell.
  - Jump to Google Maps centered on Lousana Cemetery
  - Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2558736<2>
- Meeting Creek Cemetery
  - Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Meeting Creek Cemetery
  - The Meeting Creek Cemetery is located outside and to the south of Meeting Creek.More accurately, Meeting Creek Cemetery lies 35 miles [56.3 km]<1> to the east of Chigwell.
  - Jump to Google Maps centered on Meeting Creek Cemetery
  - Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2501186<2>
- Mirror Cemetery
  - Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Mirror Cemetery
  - Mirror Cemetery lies 18 miles [29 km]<1> to the east of Chigwell.
  - Jump to Google Maps centered on Mirror Cemetery
  - Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2471712<2>
- Mt. Auburn Cemetery
  - Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Mt. Auburn Cemetery
  - Mt. Auburn Cemetery lies 31 miles [49.9 km]<1> to the west of Chigwell.
  - Mt. Auburn Cemetery has also been known as:
  - Rimbey Cemetery
  - Jump to Google Maps centered on Mt. Auburn Cemetery
  - Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2188699<2>
- Mt. Calvary RC Cemetery
  - Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Mt. Calvary RC Cemetery
  - Mt. Calvary RC Cemetery lies 18 miles [29 km]<1> to the southwest of Chigwell.
  - Jump to Google Maps centered on Mt. Calvary RC Cemetery
- Nashville Cemetery
  - Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Nashville Cemetery
  - Nashville Cemetery lies 32 miles [51.5 km]<1> to the northeast of Chigwell.
  - Jump to Google Maps centered on Nashville Cemetery
  - Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2384924<2>
- New Norway Cemetery
  - Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the New Norway Cemetery
  - New Norway Cemetery lies 36 miles [57.9 km]<1> to the northeast of Chigwell.
  - Jump to Google Maps centered on New Norway Cemetery
  - Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2322322<2>
- New Sweden Mission Church Cemetery
  - Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the New Sweden Mission Church Cemetery
  - New Sweden Mission Church Cemetery lies 32 miles [51.5 km]<1> to the north of Chigwell.
  - Jump to Google Maps centered on New Sweden Mission Church Cemetery
  - Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2377049<2>
- Peace Hills Zion Lutheran Cemetery
  - Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Peace Hills Zion Lutheran Cemetery
  - Peace Hills Zion Lutheran Cemetery lies 36 miles [57.9 km]<1> to the north of Chigwell.
  - Jump to Google Maps centered on Peace Hills Zion Lutheran Cemetery
- Red Deer Cemetery
  - Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Red Deer Cemetery
  - The Red Deer Cemetery is a large cemetery that is located in Red Deer.To be more precise, Red Deer Cemetery lies 18 miles [29 km]<1> to the southwest of Chigwell.
  - Jump to Google Maps centered on Red Deer Cemetery
  - Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2197738<2>
- Roseland Cemetery
  - Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Roseland Cemetery
  - Roseland Cemetery lies 37 miles [59.5 km]<1> to the northeast of Chigwell.
  - Jump to Google Maps centered on Roseland Cemetery
  - Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2371498<2>
- Sacred Heart Catholic Church Cemetery
  - Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Sacred Heart Catholic Church Cemetery
  - Sacred Heart Catholic Church Cemetery lies 33 miles [53.1 km]<1> to the north of Chigwell.
  - Jump to Google Maps centered on Sacred Heart Catholic Church Cemetery
  - Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2593118<2>
- St. Hilda's Anglican Church Cemetery
  - Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the St. Hilda's Anglican Church Cemetery
  - St. Hilda's Anglican Church Cemetery lies 36 miles [57.9 km]<1> to the south of Chigwell.
  - St. Hilda's Anglican Church Cemetery has also been known as:
  - Arthurvale Cemetery
  - St. Hilda's Arthurvale Cemetery
  - Jump to Google Maps centered on St. Hilda's Anglican Church Cemetery
  - Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2352586<2>
- St. Michael RC Cemetery
  - Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the St. Michael RC Cemetery
  - St. Michael RC Cemetery lies 20 miles [32.2 km]<1> to the northeast of Chigwell.
  - Jump to Google Maps centered on St. Michael RC Cemetery
- St. Peter's Lutheran Cemetery
  - Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the St. Peter's Lutheran Cemetery
  - St. Peter's Lutheran Cemetery lies 21 miles [33.8 km]<1> to the northeast of Chigwell.
  - Jump to Google Maps centered on St. Peter's Lutheran Cemetery
  - Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2367158<2>
- Tail Creek Cemetery
  - Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Tail Creek Cemetery
  - Note: We haven't been able to verify our GPS coordinates for the Tail Creek Cemetery. Although the coordinates have been estimated, they should be in the vicinity.<3>
  - Tail Creek Cemetery lies 24 miles [38.6 km]<1> to the southeast of Chigwell.
  - Jump to Google Maps centered on Tail Creek Cemetery
- Tees Cemetery
  - Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Tees Cemetery
  - Tees Cemetery lies 9 miles [14.5 km]<1> to the east of Chigwell.
  - Jump to Google Maps centered on Tees Cemetery
  - Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2339003<2>
- Trenville Cemetery
  - Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Trenville Cemetery
  - Trenville Cemetery lies 35 miles [56.3 km]<1> to the southeast of Chigwell.
  - Jump to Google Maps centered on Trenville Cemetery
  - Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2556717<2>
- Trinity Evangelical Lutheran Church Cemetery
  - Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Trinity Evangelical Lutheran Church Cemetery
  - Trinity Evangelical Lutheran Church Cemetery lies 20 miles [32.2 km]<1> to the north of Chigwell.
  - Jump to Google Maps centered on Trinity Evangelical Lutheran Church Cemetery
  - Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2649271<2>
- Vig Cemetery
  - Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Vig Cemetery
  - Vig Cemetery lies 27 miles [43.5 km]<1> to the west of Chigwell.
  - Vig Cemetery has also been known as:
  - Vig Lutheran Church Cemetery
  - Jump to Google Maps centered on Vig Cemetery
  - Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2418719<2>
- West Haven Cemetery
  - Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the West Haven Cemetery
  - West Haven Cemetery lies 34 miles [54.7 km]<1> to the west of Chigwell.
  - Jump to Google Maps centered on West Haven Cemetery
  - Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2292719<2>
- West Meadows Cemetery
  - Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the West Meadows Cemetery
  - West Meadows Cemetery lies 28 miles [45.1 km]<1> to the southwest of Chigwell.
  - Jump to Google Maps centered on West Meadows Cemetery
  - Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2537894<2>
- Wetaskiwin Cemetery
  - Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Wetaskiwin Cemetery
  - Wetaskiwin Cemetery lies 33 miles [53.1 km]<1> to the north of Chigwell.
  - Wetaskiwin Cemetery has also been known as:
  - Old Wetaskiwin Cemetery
  - Wetashiwin Cemetery
  - Wetaskiwin City Cemetery
  - Jump to Google Maps centered on Wetaskiwin Cemetery
  - Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2144913<2>
- Wetaskiwin Memorial
  - Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Wetaskiwin Memorial
  - Wetaskiwin Memorial lies 34 miles [54.7 km]<1> to the north of Chigwell.
  - Wetaskiwin Memorial has also been known as:
  - Wetashiwin Memorial Cemetery
  - Jump to Google Maps centered on Wetaskiwin Memorial
  - Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2277030<2>
- Woody Nook Christian Reformed Church Cemetery
  - Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Woody Nook Christian Reformed Church Cemetery
  - Woody Nook Christian Reformed Church Cemetery lies 16 miles [25.7 km]<1> to the west of Chigwell.
  - Woody Nook Christian Reformed Church Cemetery has also been known as:
  - Woody Nook Cemetery
  - Woody Nook Christian Reformed Cemetery
  - Jump to Google Maps centered on Woody Nook Christian Reformed Church Cemetery
  - Find-A-Grave: FAG ID #2663035<2>

In Closing ...

If you know of any cemeteries that we are missing in the area of Chigwell, can you supply us with the name of the cemetery, its GPS location, whether the cemetery is still in use or if it is historic (ie- defunct, abandoned, etc.). If it applies, we would also like to learn of any past or alternate names that the cemetery has been known by.

If you don't know the GPS location (ie- the latitude/longitude) of a cemetery, please use our Map Page for Chigwell to determine the cemetery's position (the instructions for finding the latitude/longitude can be found below the map).

If you need information about a burial or interment, photos, transcripts, how to contact the cemetery or local authorities, please visit our list of websites on our Genealogy Helper Page for Chigwell.

Off-the-Road Links ...

Unfortunately, we don't know of an official website for Chigwell. If you can help, please contact us through our Feedback Page.

The official website for Province of Alberta: https://www.alberta.ca/

Looking for information about genealogy? These are excellent websites to start with when searching in and around the area of Chigwell:

Links at Cyndi's List:

for Province of Alberta

Links at Family Search:

for Province of Alberta

We have a longer, more detailed list of websites on our Genealogy Helper Page for Chigwell.

Footnotes ...

<1>	Our distances are not driving distances, but are calculated as a 'straight-line' distance. A straight line distance ignores things like rivers, canyons, lakes, et cetera - it's truly a line drawn from Point A (ie- Chigwell) to Point B.If you need the driving distance (or directions), we recommend that you use one of the Mapping Services listed on our Map Page for Chigwell. Since we usually use Google Maps, we've provided the following link: Google Map and Driving Directions starting from ChigwellOur distance measurements begin at a specific point in Chigwell. The point we use is located at these GPS coordinates - Latitude: 52.4923, Longitude: -113.5314
<2>	The Find-a-Grave website is an excellent research tool with information about a cemetery's location and interments. They also offer a forum for their members which can provide additional help. More information about Find-a-Grave can be found on their website: findagrave.com.
<3>	An 'estimated' location is one where we have been given GPS coordinates, but are unable to verify the accuracy of those coordinates. That said, we have some confidence that we have placed the marker near the actual location. A typical reason for being unable to verify a location is that it might be on private property or maybe historic and gone without an obvious trace.