Our Genealogy Helper
Introduction ...
We have a couple of goals for our Gazetteer:
- That it be a tool which helps us with planning our trips.
- We're trying to shape our Gazetteer as a tool to help us understand the community in which our ancestors lived, the community that was part of their daily lives.
- On our trips, we try to visit those places where our ancestors left their footprints.
By learning about Dorado (and the surrounding area) during the time that our ancestors lived, we hope to have a better understanding of both their community and its relationship to their lifes. We hope that this tool helps to give us an insight into their world.
As we add data and organize our Gazetteer to help with our family research, we will be adding to this our Genealogical Helper for Dorado. While we don't have information that is specific to any given person or family, we intend to expand our understanding about where and how people lived.
Neighboring Counties ...
When searching for family records, we have frequently made the mistake of not checking the neighboring counties.
For example, we have great-grandparents who lived in the southeast corner of their home county. During their lives, most hospitals were in the next county to the east. Almost all of the nearby churches and cemeteries were in the county to the south.
So when searching for records, we had our best success by looking in neighboring counties instead of the county in which they lived: their home county contained property and probate records; the county to the east contained birth and death records; the county to the south contained their burial records. If we hadn't included the neighboring counties, we would have missed many valuable sources of information.
If you're in a similar situation, we hope that the following information helps.
Dorado is located in Russell County.
To see how the shape of Virginia's counties may have changed over time, we recommend the Atlas of Historical County Boundaries.
The following counties adjoin and form the boundaries of Russell County: Buchanan, Dickenson, Scott, Smyth, Tazewell, Washington & Wise.
Below are the counties that are near Dorado. For each of these counties, we show a sample of those communities that are closest to Dorado:
- Russell County (The home county of Dorado)
- The following are listed by their distance from Dorado, with the one closest to Dorado listed first.
- Bickley Mill
(Less than 2 miles to the south)
- Bickley Mill is located in Russell County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Bickley Mill
- Castlewood
(Less than 2 miles to the southwest)
- Carterton
(2 miles [3.2 km] to the east)
- Carterton is located in Russell County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Carterton
- Jessees Mill
(5 miles [8 km] to the east)
- Jessees Mill is located in Russell County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Jessees Mill
- Kiser ‑ Historic
(5 miles [8 km] to the east)
- Kiser is located in Russell County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Kiser
- Dante
(5 miles [8 km] to the north)
- Dante is located in Russell County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Dante
- Dickensonville
(5 miles [8 km] to the southeast)
- Dickensonville is located in Russell County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Dickensonville
- Cleveland
(6 miles [9.7 km] to the east)
- Cleveland is located in Russell County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Cleveland
- Population from the 2020 Census: 170 people
- Creswell
(6 miles [9.7 km] to the southeast)
- Creswell is located in Russell County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Creswell
- Spring City
(9 miles [14.5 km] to the east)
- Spring City is located in Russell County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Spring City
- Artrip
(9 miles [14.5 km] to the northeast)
- Artrip is located in Russell County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Artrip
- Willow Springs
(9 miles [14.5 km] to the south)
- Willow Springs is located in Russell County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Willow Springs
- Lebanon
(10 miles [16.1 km] to the east)
- Bristol City
- The following are listed by their distance from Dorado, with the one closest to Dorado listed first.
- Virginia Heights
(20 miles [32.2 km] to the south)
- Virginia Heights is located in Bristol City
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Virginia Heights
- Bristol
(21 miles [33.8 km] to the south)
- Buchanan County
- The following are listed by their distance from Dorado, with the one closest to Dorado listed first.
- Council
(16 miles [25.7 km] to the northeast)
- Council is located in Buchanan County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Council
- Rowe
(20 miles [32.2 km] to the northeast)
- Rowe is located in Buchanan County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Rowe
- Leemaster
(21 miles [33.8 km] to the north)
- Leemaster is located in Buchanan County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Leemaster
- Vansant
(24 miles [38.6 km] to the north)
- Mavisdale
(24 miles [38.6 km] to the northeast)
- Mavisdale is located in Buchanan County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Mavisdale
- Janey
(25 miles [40.2 km] to the northeast)
- Janey is located in Buchanan County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Janey
- Royal City
(26 miles [41.8 km] to the north)
- Royal City is located in Buchanan County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Royal City
- Grundy
(27 miles [43.5 km] to the north)
- Dickenson County
- The following are listed by their distance from Dorado, with the one closest to Dorado listed first.
- Carrie
(9 miles [14.5 km] to the north)
- Carrie is located in Dickenson County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Carrie
- Herald
(9 miles [14.5 km] to the northwest)
- Herald is located in Dickenson County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Herald
- Bucu
(11 miles [17.7 km] to the north)
- Bucu is located in Dickenson County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Bucu
- Nora
(11 miles [17.7 km] to the north)
- Nora is located in Dickenson County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Nora
- Aily
(12 miles [19.3 km] to the north)
- Aily is located in Dickenson County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Aily
- Omaha
(15 miles [24.1 km] to the northwest)
- Omaha is located in Dickenson County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Omaha
- Clinchco
(18 miles [29 km] to the north)
- Darwin
(18 miles [29 km] to the northwest)
- Darwin is located in Dickenson County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Darwin
- Tarpon
(19 miles [30.6 km] to the north)
- Tarpon is located in Dickenson County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Tarpon
- Clintwood
(19 miles [30.6 km] to the northwest)
- Haysi
(20 miles [32.2 km] to the north)
- Norton City
- Norton
(19 miles [30.6 km] to the west)
- Scott County
- The following are listed by their distance from Dorado, with the one closest to Dorado listed first.
- Grigbys Store
(10 miles [16.1 km] to the southwest)
- Grigbys Store is located in Scott County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Grigbys Store
- Dungannon
(12 miles [19.3 km] to the southwest)
- Dungannon is located in Scott County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Dungannon
- Population from the 2020 Census: 299 people
- Nickelsville
(13 miles [20.9 km] to the southwest)
- Maces Spring
(17 miles [27.4 km] to the southwest)
- Maces Spring is located in Scott County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Maces Spring
- Fort Blackmore
(19 miles [30.6 km] to the southwest)
- Snowflake
(19 miles [30.6 km] to the southwest)
- Snowflake is located in Scott County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Snowflake
- Hiltons
(20 miles [32.2 km] to the southwest)
- Lano
(20 miles [32.2 km] to the west)
- Lano is located in Scott County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Lano
- Gate City
(25 miles [40.2 km] to the southwest)
- Weber City
(25 miles [40.2 km] to the southwest)
- Weber City is located in Scott County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Weber City
- Population from the 2020 Census: 1,214 people
- Yuma
(27 miles [43.5 km] to the southwest)
- Yuma is located in Scott County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Yuma
- Frisco
(29 miles [46.7 km] to the southwest)
- Frisco is located in Scott County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Frisco
- Clinchport
(30 miles [48.3 km] to the southwest)
- Clinchport is located in Scott County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Clinchport
- Population from the 2020 Census: 65 people
- Smyth County
- The following are listed by their distance from Dorado, with the one closest to Dorado listed first.
- Allison Gap
(27 miles [43.5 km] to the east)
- Allison Gap is located in Smyth County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Allison Gap
- Cardwell Town
(27 miles [43.5 km] to the east)
- Cardwell Town is located in Smyth County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Cardwell Town
- Saltville
(28 miles [45.1 km] to the east)
- Tazewell County
- The following are listed by their distance from Dorado, with the one closest to Dorado listed first.
- Raven
(26 miles [41.8 km] to the northeast)
- Raven is located in Tazewell County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Raven
- Red Ash
(26 miles [41.8 km] to the northeast)
- Red Ash is located in Tazewell County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Red Ash
- Paintlick
(28 miles [45.1 km] to the east)
- Paintlick is located in Tazewell County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Paintlick
- Richlands
(28 miles [45.1 km] to the northeast)
- Steeleburg
(29 miles [46.7 km] to the east)
- Steeleburg is located in Tazewell County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Steeleburg
- Claypool Hill
(30 miles [48.3 km] to the east)
- Claypool Hill is located in Tazewell County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Claypool Hill
- Cedar Bluff
(30 miles [48.3 km] to the northeast)
- Washington County
- The following are listed by their distance from Dorado, with the one closest to Dorado listed first.
- Craigs Mill
(12 miles [19.3 km] to the southeast)
- Craigs Mill is located in Washington County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Craigs Mill
- Mendota
(13 miles [20.9 km] to the south)
- Mendota is located in Washington County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Mendota
- Holston
(13 miles [20.9 km] to the southeast)
- Holston is located in Washington County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Holston
- Leonard
(14 miles [22.5 km] to the south)
- Leonard is located in Washington County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Leonard
- Brumley Gap
(15 miles [24.1 km] to the southeast)
- Brumley Gap is located in Washington County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Brumley Gap
- Benhams
(16 miles [25.7 km] to the south)
- Benhams is located in Washington County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Benhams
- Greendale
(16 miles [25.7 km] to the southeast)
- Greendale is located in Washington County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Greendale
- Burson Place
(17 miles [27.4 km] to the south)
- Burson Place is located in Washington County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Burson Place
- Oak Grove
(18 miles [29 km] to the south)
- Oak Grove is located in Washington County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Oak Grove
- Lowland
(18 miles [29 km] to the southeast)
- Lowland is located in Washington County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Lowland
- Rust Hollow
(18 miles [29 km] to the southeast)
- Rust Hollow is located in Washington County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Rust Hollow
- Glenford
(20 miles [32.2 km] to the east)
- Glenford is located in Washington County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Glenford
- Three Springs
(20 miles [32.2 km] to the south)
- Three Springs is located in Washington County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Three Springs
- Wise County
- The following are listed by their distance from Dorado, with the one closest to Dorado listed first.
- Saint Paul
(2 miles [3.2 km] to the west)
- Virginia City
(4 miles [6.4 km] to the west)
- Virginia City is located in Wise County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Virginia City
- Dwina
(5 miles [8 km] to the west)
- Dwina is located in Wise County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Dwina
- Coeburn
(11 miles [17.7 km] to the west)
- Wise
(17 miles [27.4 km] to the west)
- Hamilton town
(18 miles [29 km] to the west)
- Hamilton town is located in Wise County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Hamilton town
- Esserville
(19 miles [30.6 km] to the west)
- Esserville is located in Wise County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Esserville
- Pound
(23 miles [37 km] to the northwest)
- Blackwood
(23 miles [37 km] to the west)
- Blackwood is located in Wise County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Blackwood
- Haddonfield
(24 miles [38.6 km] to the northwest)
- Haddonfield is located in Wise County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Haddonfield
- Almira
(25 miles [40.2 km] to the northwest)
- Almira is located in Wise County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Almira
- Kent Junction
(25 miles [40.2 km] to the west)
- Kent Junction is located in Wise County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Kent Junction
- East Stone Gap
(26 miles [41.8 km] to the west)
- East Stone Gap is located in Wise County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for East Stone Gap
- Letcher County (KY)
- The following are listed by their distance from Dorado, with the one closest to Dorado listed first.
- Burdine
(26 miles [41.8 km] to the northwest)
- Burdine is located in Letcher County (KY)
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Burdine
- Jenkins
(27 miles [43.5 km] to the northwest)
- Cromona
(30 miles [48.3 km] to the northwest)
- Cromona is located in Letcher County (KY)
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Cromona
- Fleming - Neon
(30 miles [48.3 km] to the northwest)
- Fleming - Neon is located in Letcher County (KY)
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Fleming - Neon
- Population from the 2020 Census: 610 people
- McRoberts
(30 miles [48.3 km] to the northwest)
- McRoberts is located in Letcher County (KY)
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for McRoberts
- Tolliver Town
(30 miles [48.3 km] to the northwest)
- Tolliver Town is located in Letcher County (KY)
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Tolliver Town
- Whitaker
(30 miles [48.3 km] to the northwest)
- Whitaker is located in Letcher County (KY)
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Whitaker
- Eolia
(30 miles [48.3 km] to the west)
- Eolia is located in Letcher County (KY)
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Eolia
- Pike County (KY)
- The following are listed by their distance from Dorado, with the one closest to Dorado listed first.
- Ashcamp
(26 miles [41.8 km] to the north)
- Ashcamp is located in Pike County (KY)
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Ashcamp
- Elkhorn City
(27 miles [43.5 km] to the north)
- Cedarville
(28 miles [45.1 km] to the north)
- Cedarville is located in Pike County (KY)
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Cedarville
- Hellier
(28 miles [45.1 km] to the northwest)
- Hellier is located in Pike County (KY)
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Hellier
- Belcher
(30 miles [48.3 km] to the north)
- Belcher is located in Pike County (KY)
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Belcher
- Draffin
(30 miles [48.3 km] to the north)
- Draffin is located in Pike County (KY)
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Draffin
- Lookout
(30 miles [48.3 km] to the north)
- Lookout is located in Pike County (KY)
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Lookout
- Rockhouse
(30 miles [48.3 km] to the north)
- Rockhouse is located in Pike County (KY)
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Rockhouse
- Dorton
(30 miles [48.3 km] to the northwest)
- Hawkins County (TN)
- The following are listed by their distance from Dorado, with the one closest to Dorado listed first.
- Frisco
(29 miles [46.7 km] to the southwest)
- Frisco is located in Hawkins County (TN)
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Frisco
- Greenvale
(29 miles [46.7 km] to the southwest)
- Greenvale is located in Hawkins County (TN)
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Greenvale
- Waycross
(30 miles [48.3 km] to the southwest)
- Waycross is located in Hawkins County (TN)
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Waycross
- Estimated population in 2014: 4,091 people
- Sullivan County (TN)
- The following are listed by their distance from Dorado, with the one closest to Dorado listed first.
- Bristol
(22 miles [35.4 km] to the south)
- Collingwood
(22 miles [35.4 km] to the south)
- Forest Hills
(22 miles [35.4 km] to the south)
- Forest Hills is located in Sullivan County (TN)
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Forest Hills
- Beechnut City
(23 miles [37 km] to the south)
- Beechnut City is located in Sullivan County (TN)
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Beechnut City
- Cross
(23 miles [37 km] to the south)
- Cross is located in Sullivan County (TN)
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Cross
- Estimated population in 2014: 11,330 people
- Hunter Hills
(23 miles [37 km] to the south)
- Hunter Hills is located in Sullivan County (TN)
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Hunter Hills
- Population from the 2010 Census: 1,854 people
- Mill Point
(23 miles [37 km] to the south)
- Mill Point is located in Sullivan County (TN)
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Mill Point
- Estimated population in 2014: 11,080 people
- Walnut Hill
(23 miles [37 km] to the south)
- Walnut Hill is located in Sullivan County (TN)
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Walnut Hill
- Akard Addition
(24 miles [38.6 km] to the south)
- Akard Addition is located in Sullivan County (TN)
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Akard Addition
- Harrtown
(24 miles [38.6 km] to the south)
- Harrtown is located in Sullivan County (TN)
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Harrtown
- Estimated population in 2014: 4,365 people
- Rock City
(25 miles [40.2 km] to the south)
- Rock City is located in Sullivan County (TN)
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Rock City
- Bloomingdale
(25 miles [40.2 km] to the southwest)
- Bloomingdale is located in Sullivan County (TN)
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Bloomingdale
- Population from the 2010 Census: 9,888 people
- Blountville
(26 miles [41.8 km] to the south)
For an expanded list of the communities that are closest to Dorado, see our County-by-County Page for Dorado.
Cemeteries Near Dorado ...
Below are cemeteries that are in the vicinity of Dorado.
This is a new section and is likely to have errors. If you find an error, such as a missing cemetery or we have the wrong name, please let us know. If you know of them, we would also appreciate learning about previous or alternate names.
Although we don't have the information ourselves, if you need information about a burial or interment, photos, transcripts, how to contact the cemetery or local authorities, please visit our list of websites on our Genealogy Helper Page for Dorado - one of the links might be able to help.
If not found below, our Cemetery List for Dorado covers a larger area, with the cemeteries listed in alphabetical order.
The following cemeteries are listed based on their distance from Dorado, with the one closest to Dorado listed first.
- Fields Cemetery
(Less than 2 miles to the southwest)
- Dickenson Cemetery
(Less than 2 miles to the southeast)
- Lucas Cemetery
(Less than 2 miles to the northwest)
- Dickenson Cemetery
(Less than 2 miles to the northwest)
- Banner Cemetery
(Less than 2 miles to the southwest)
- Bickley Cemetery
(Less than 2 miles to the south)
- Gibson Cemetery
(Less than 2 miles to the south)
- Dickenson Cemetery
(Less than 2 miles to the south)
- Dickenson Cemetery
(Less than 2 miles to the southeast)
- Gose Cemetery
(Less than 2 miles to the southeast)
- Couch Cemetery
(Less than 2 miles to the east)
- Dickenson Cemetery
(Less than 2 miles to the northeast)
- Continue List (1384 more) ...
- Chafin Cemetery
(Less than 2 miles to the northeast)
- Jessee Cemetery
(Less than 2 miles to the northeast)
- Selfe Cemetery
(Less than 2 miles to the northeast)
Nearby Communities in 1895 ...
We've built the following list with information that came from an Atlas published by Rand McNally in 1895. The Atlas had details such as the population of the community (which appears to have come from the 1890 Census) and whether there was a post office and/or railroad service available. We also indicate if the community no longer exists and is now historic.<2>
The Rand McNally Atlas shows that Dorado had a population of 46 people in 1895 with a post office and no railroad service.
These communities are listed based on their distance from Dorado, with the one closest to Dorado listed first.
- Castlewood
(Less than 2 miles to the southwest)
- Bickley Mill
(Less than 2 miles to the south)
- Bickley Mill is located in Russell County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Bickley Mill
- Carterton
(2 miles [3.2 km] to the east)
- Carterton is located in Russell County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Carterton
- Counts
(2 miles [3.2 km] to the northeast)
- Counts is located in Russell County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Counts
- Saint Paul
(2 miles [3.2 km] to the west)
- John
(4 miles [6.4 km] to the north)
- John is located in Russell County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for John
- Virginia City
(4 miles [6.4 km] to the west)
- Virginia City is located in Wise County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Virginia City
- Dickensonville
(5 miles [8 km] to the southeast)
- Dickensonville is located in Russell County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Dickensonville
- Jessees Mill
(5 miles [8 km] to the east)
- Jessees Mill is located in Russell County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Jessees Mill
- Dwina
(5 miles [8 km] to the west)
- Dwina is located in Wise County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Dwina
- Creswell
(6 miles [9.7 km] to the southeast)
- Creswell is located in Russell County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Creswell
- Cleveland
(6 miles [9.7 km] to the east)
- Cleveland is located in Russell County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Cleveland
- Population from the 2020 Census: 170 people
- Continue List (14 more) ...
- Masons Store ‑ Historic
(7 miles [11.3 km] to the south)
- Masons Store is located in Russell County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Masons Store
- Bolton
(8 miles [12.9 km] to the southeast)
- Bolton is located in Russell County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Bolton
- Hawkins Mill
(8 miles [12.9 km] to the southeast)
- Hawkins Mill is located in Russell County
- Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Hawkins Mill
We've also created an expanded list of communities that existed in the 1890's and were located in the area around Dorado. See our List of 1890's Communities around Dorado.
Newspapers Published in Dorado ...
An ongoing effort between the Library of Congress and the National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) has resulted in the National Digital Newspaper Program (NDNP).
To share their results, the partnership has created the Chronicling America website. The goal of this partnership is to assemble a database about the current and historic newspapers of the United States. This includes a growing collection of scanned images from selected papers. All of it available to the public on their website.
Using information that we've taken from the Chronicling America website, we've identified 8 newspapers that have been published in the area around Dorado.
Although we're unaware of any newspapers that were published in the immediate area of Dorado, there are papers which were published within 11 miles [17.7 km]<3>. A list of those papers, sorted by paper name, can be found on the Extended Newspaper List for Dorado.
Websites to Help With Your Genealogy Research ...
When we do our genealogical research, we first turn to the websites from Cyndi's List, FamilySearch and Genealogy Trails. These helpful websites offer the information directly or else point to where you can find it. Their information is open to everyone.
To help you get started, the following links will take you to the pages that are relevant to Dorado:
- Websites specific to Virginia
- Pages specific to Russell County
- Genealogy information for nearby counties
- Bristol City
- Buchanan County
- Dickenson County
- Norton City
- Scott County
- Smyth County
- Tazewell County
- Washington County
- Wise County
- Letcher County
- Pike County
- Hawkins County
- Sullivan County
- Cemetery Information and Directories for Virginia
Footnotes ...
| <1> | While we're fans and frequent users of TripAdvisor, you should know that we're also members of the TripAdvisor affiliate program. |
| <2> | We use the term 'Historic' broadly and it generally means that the community no longer exists. However, it can also mean that the community might still exist, but was significantly larger or had a more 'official' existence in the past than it does now. Unfortunately our sources of data have proven to be unreliable. If you can provide us with more specific information about Dorado, please let us know so that we can improve our accuracy. |
| <3> | Our distances are not driving distances, but are calculated as a 'straight-line' distance. A straight line distance ignores things like rivers, canyons, lakes, et cetera - it's truly a line drawn from Point A (ie- Dorado) to Point B. In other words: 'As the crow flies'. |