Miscellaneous Information

Various Identification Codes ...

GNIS Codes ...

The U.S. Board on Geographic Names (BGN) was created to address the problems caused by spelling and naming variations. The BGN will usually recognize an existing name or, when necessary, establish a name for a geographic feature (such as a mountain, lake, river, stream, city, town, village, dam, bridge, etc).

The BGN names are kept in a database called the Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) and it is the official Federal repository. The GNIS is operated and maintained by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS).

A unique and permanent numeric identifier has been assigned for each name in the GNIS database. These names and identifiers are definitive and it is intended that they are to be used by all departments of the Federal Government:

GNIS ID for Big Sandy: 2411688

GNIS ID for Upshur County: 1384015

GNIS ID for Texas: 1779801

FIPS Codes ...

In a past effort, various federal agencies created a set of codes with a purpose similar to the GNIS codes. These codes are called the Federal Information Processing Standard (or the FIPS 55 codes). Although they are still used by some organizations, the FIPS codes are obsolete and will ultimately be replaced by the GNIS codes.

The following FIPS codes apply to Big Sandy:

Place (Community) Code:	08224
State Code:	48 (Texas)
County Code:	459 (Upshur County)

Since the Place and County FIPS codes are not unique and can be repeated in other States, it's necessary to combine the State code with the Place and County FIPS codes to uniquely identify them - for example:

State/Place Code:	48/08224
State/County Code:	48/459

As already mentioned, the FIPS codes are to be replaced by the GNIS codes. The following reflect those changes:

	FIPS Code	translates to	GNIS Code
State of Texas:	48		1779801
Upshur County:	48/459		1384015
Big Sandy:	48/08224		2411688

GPS Location - GNIS vs Census ...

An important aspect of the GNIS code is that it assigns a GPS location (the latitude/longitude) to the geographic feature. This location is simply a point on the map and does not represent the size or shape of the feature. In the case of Big Sandy, it is a point within Big Sandy that might be a post office, the city hall or simply an intersection - the point should really be considered arbitrary and only indicating a general location.

For Big Sandy, the GNIS GPS location is given as:

Lat:   32° 35' 9"   (or 32.59°)

Lon:   -95° 6' 46"   (or -95.11°)  

Determined by its statistical needs, the Census Bureau has defined a sampling area for Big Sandy - this area also contains a map point. As with the GNIS code, the location of the Census point should be considered as being arbitrary within the sampling area.

For Big Sandy, the Census 2010 GPS location is given as:

Lat:   32° 35' 8"   (or 32.59°)

Lon:   -95° 6' 45"   (or -95.11°)  

The map point defined by the Census Bureau lies 147 feet to the south<1> of the point given by the GNIS (see above).

You might note that the GPS location given for the 2010 Census is different than the location that was specified by the 2000 Census:

Lat:   32° 35' 4"   (or 32.58°)

Lon:   -95° 6' 44"   (or -95.11°)  

The GPS location given for the 2000 Census lies 390.3 feet to the south<2> of the point given by the 2010 Census.

Regional Codes ...

For statistical purposes, the US Census Bureau has divided the country into four Regions. Big Sandy is located in Region #3 (the South Region).

In turn, the US Census Bureau has further divided each Region into Divisions. Big Sandy is located in Division #7 (the West South-Central Division).

The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) has created ten Federal Regions. Big Sandy is located in Region VI (Region 6).

The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) has created ten Management Regions. Big Sandy is located in Region VI (Region 6).

ZIP Codes ...

While some people have used a ZIP code to identify a community, the purpose of the ZIP code was to make mail delivery more efficient by grouping addresses together. Although the ZIP Code doesn't specifically identify a town like Big Sandy, it does identify addresses that are in (or near) Big Sandy. It's important to remember that the boundaries of a ZIP Code are defined by the needs of the USPS and can be changed, re-assigned or overlapped with other ZIP Codes.

The ZIP code for Big Sandy: 75755<3>

Referenced GNIS Records ...

GNIS ID #1330639   (Name of Record: Big Sandy)

Class: populated place

A place or area having clustered or scattered buildings and a permanent population (such as a city, settlement, town or village). The boundaries may or may not coincide with the perceived population.

A 'populated place' record may have a corresponding 'census' or 'civil' record. The information contained in the 'populated place' record applies only to the class and should not be confused with either the 'census' and 'civil' classes.

County: Upshur

Map Name: Big Sandy

Lat: 32.5837521       Lon: -95.1088328  

Elev: 112 ft.

GNIS ID #2411688   (Name of Record: Town of Big Sandy)

Class: civil

A political division formed for administrative purposes (such as a borough, county, incorporated place, parish, town or township).

A 'civil' record may have a corresponding 'census' or 'populated place' record. The information contained in the 'civil' record applies only to the class and should not be confused with either the 'census' and 'populated place' classes.

County: Upshur

Map Name: Big Sandy

Lat: 32.5861022       Lon: -95.112809  

Elev: 132 ft.

Referenced FIPS Records ...

FIPS Code: 48/08224   (Place Name: Big Sandy)

County: Upshur     (FIPS State/County: 48/459)

Class: C1

Identifies an incorporated place (ie- Big Sandy) that does not serve as a primary county division - or in other words, it is included in and is part of a primary county division (ie- Upshur County).

GSA Code: 630

MRF Code: 410

MSA Code: 4420

Off-the-Road Links ...

Unfortunately, we don't know of a website for Big Sandy. If you can help, please contact us through our Feedback Page.

The official website for Upshur County: www.countyofupshur.com/

The official website for State of Texas: https://texas.gov/

The official website of the U.S. Board on Geographic Names (BGN)

The official website of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)

The official website of the U.S. Census Bureau

The official website of the U.S. Office of Management and Budget (OMB)

The official website of the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)