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Our Genealogy Helper

Introduction ...

We have a couple of goals for our Gazetteer:

  • That it be a tool which helps us with planning our trips.
  • We're trying to shape our Gazetteer as a tool to help us understand the community in which our ancestors lived, the community that was part of their daily lives.
  • On our trips, we try to visit those places where our ancestors left their footprints.

By learning about Watkins Ford (and the surrounding area) during the time that our ancestors lived, we hope to have a better understanding of both their community and its relationship to their lifes. We hope that this tool helps to give us an insight into their world.

As we add data and organize our Gazetteer to help with our family research, we will be adding to this our Genealogical Helper for Watkins Ford. While we don't have information that is specific to any given person or family, we intend to expand our understanding about where and how people lived.

Name Variations for Watkins Ford ...

When searching records, keep in mind that names and their spelling can change over time. Our sources include documents like maps, railroad schedules, Travel, Express and Shipping Guides. Many of these documents date from the 1800's and it's common to find spelling differences.

Although we can't give a definitive list, hopefully the following will give you a feel for the variations that might occur.

  • A typical abbreviation for Watkins Ford: Watkins Frd.
  • While the name of this community is Watkins Ford, be aware that it's the common practice of mapmakers to remove the apostrophe from possessive names<1>. So Watkins Ford may originally have been Watkin's Ford.

    Sometimes the trailing 's' might be dropped altogether, in which case Watkins Ford might be written as Watkin Ford.

If you have information about these names (such as the reason for the change, date of change, the origin of the name), please Contact Us.

Neighboring Counties ...

When searching for family records, we have frequently made the mistake of not checking the neighboring counties.

For example, we have great-grandparents who lived in the southeast corner of their home county. During their lives, most doctors and hospitals were in the next county to the east. Almost all of the nearby churches and cemeteries were in the county to the south.

So when searching for records, we had our best success by looking in neighboring counties instead of the county in which they lived:  their home county contained property and probate records; the county to the east contained birth and death records; the county to the south contained their burial records. If we hadn't included the neighboring counties, we would have missed many valuable sources of information.

If you're in a similar situation, we hope that the following information helps.

Watkins Ford is located in Pope County.

To see how the shape of Illinois' counties may have changed over time, we recommend the Atlas of Historical County Boundaries.

The following counties adjoin and form the boundaries of Pope County: Hardin, Johnson, Massac, Saline, Williamson & Livingston (KY).

Below are the counties that are near Watkins Ford. For each of these counties, we show a sample of those communities that are closest to Watkins Ford:

  • Pope County     (The home county of Watkins Ford)
    • The following are listed by their distance from Watkins Ford, with the one closest to Watkins Ford listed first.
    • McCormick
      (2 miles [3.2 km] to the northwest)
      • McCormick is located in Pope County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for McCormick
    • Eddyville
      (3 miles [4.8 km] to the southeast)
    • Oak
      (6 miles [9.7 km] to the east)
      • Oak is located in Pope County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Oak
    • Glendale
      (6 miles [9.7 km] to the south)
      • Glendale is located in Pope County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Glendale
    • Hartsville
      (8 miles [12.9 km] to the east)
      • Hartsville is located in Pope County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Hartsville
    • Rock
      (8 miles [12.9 km] to the south)
      • Rock is located in Pope County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Rock
    • Lusk
      (9 miles [14.5 km] to the east)
      • Lusk is located in Pope County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Lusk
    • Leisure City
      (10 miles [16.1 km] to the east)
      • Leisure City is located in Pope County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Leisure City
    • Dixon Springs
      (10 miles [16.1 km] to the south)
      • Dixon Springs is located in Pope County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Dixon Springs
    • Herod
      (11 miles [17.7 km] to the east)
    • Golconda
      (14 miles [22.5 km] to the southeast)
    • Bay City
      (21 miles [33.8 km] to the south)
      • Bay City is located in Pope County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Bay City
    • Hamletsburg
      (29 miles [46.7 km] to the south)
  • Franklin County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Watkins Ford, with the one closest to Watkins Ford listed first.
    • Fitt's Hill ‑ Historic
      (25 miles [40.2 km] to the northwest)
      • Fitt's Hill is located in Franklin County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Fitt's Hill
    • Thompsonville
      (27 miles [43.5 km] to the north)
    • Parrish
      (29 miles [46.7 km] to the north)
      • Parrish is located in Franklin County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Parrish
    • Deering City
      (29 miles [46.7 km] to the northwest)
      • Deering City is located in Franklin County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Deering City
    • West Frankfort
      (29 miles [46.7 km] to the northwest)
      • West Frankfort is located in Franklin County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for West Frankfort
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 7,733 people
  • Gallatin County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Watkins Ford, with the one closest to Watkins Ford listed first.
    • Equality
      (20 miles [32.2 km] to the northeast)
    • Lawler
      (23 miles [37 km] to the northeast)
      • Lawler is located in Gallatin County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Lawler
    • Bowlesville ‑ Historic
      (24 miles [38.6 km] to the northeast)
      • Bowlesville is located in Gallatin County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Bowlesville
    • Junction
      (25 miles [40.2 km] to the northeast)
    • Elba
      (26 miles [41.8 km] to the northeast)
      • Elba is located in Gallatin County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Elba
    • Ridgway
      (27 miles [43.5 km] to the northeast)
    • Shawneetown
      (27 miles [43.5 km] to the northeast)
    • Old Shawneetown
      (29 miles [46.7 km] to the northeast)
      • Old Shawneetown is located in Gallatin County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Old Shawneetown
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 164 people
    • Omaha
      (30 miles [48.3 km] to the northeast)
  • Hamilton County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Watkins Ford, with the one closest to Watkins Ford listed first.
    • Walpole
      (27 miles [43.5 km] to the north)
      • Walpole is located in Hamilton County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Walpole
    • Broughton
      (29 miles [46.7 km] to the north)
  • Hardin County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Watkins Ford, with the one closest to Watkins Ford listed first.
    • Shetlerville
      (13 miles [20.9 km] to the southeast)
      • Shetlerville is located in Hardin County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Shetlerville
    • Karbers Ridge
      (16 miles [25.7 km] to the east)
    • Mineral City ‑ Historic
      (17 miles [27.4 km] to the southeast)
      • Mineral City is located in Hardin County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Mineral City
    • Rosiclare
      (17 miles [27.4 km] to the southeast)
    • Elizabethtown
      (18 miles [29 km] to the east)
    • Rock Creek
      (22 miles [35.4 km] to the east)
      • Rock Creek is located in Hardin County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Rock Creek
    • Cave-In-Rock
      (25 miles [40.2 km] to the east)
      • Cave-In-Rock is located in Hardin County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Cave-In-Rock
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 278 people
      • Cave-In-Rock has also been known as:
      • Cave-In-Rock village
    • Lamb
      (27 miles [43.5 km] to the east)
      • Lamb is located in Hardin County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Lamb
    • Saline Landing
      (27 miles [43.5 km] to the east)
      • Saline Landing is located in Hardin County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Saline Landing
  • Johnson County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Watkins Ford, with the one closest to Watkins Ford listed first.
    • Ozark
      (7 miles [11.3 km] to the west)
    • Simpson
      (8 miles [12.9 km] to the southwest)
    • New Burnside
      (8 miles [12.9 km] to the west)
    • Reynoldsburg
      (8 miles [12.9 km] to the west)
      • Reynoldsburg is located in Johnson County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Reynoldsburg
    • Grantsburg
      (11 miles [17.7 km] to the southwest)
    • Wartrace
      (12 miles [19.3 km] to the southwest)
      • Wartrace is located in Johnson County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Wartrace
    • Reevesville
      (14 miles [22.5 km] to the south)
      • Reevesville is located in Johnson County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Reevesville
    • Egyptian Hills
      (14 miles [22.5 km] to the west)
      • Egyptian Hills is located in Johnson County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Egyptian Hills
    • Vienna
      (16 miles [25.7 km] to the southwest)
    • Eagle Point Bay
      (16 miles [25.7 km] to the west)
      • Eagle Point Bay is located in Johnson County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Eagle Point Bay
    • Bender ‑ Historic
      (17 miles [27.4 km] to the southwest)
      • Bender is located in Johnson County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Bender
    • Deer Ridge
      (17 miles [27.4 km] to the west)
      • Deer Ridge is located in Johnson County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Deer Ridge
    • Goreville
      (18 miles [29 km] to the west)
  • Massac County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Watkins Ford, with the one closest to Watkins Ford listed first.
    • Big Bay
      (15 miles [24.1 km] to the south)
      • Big Bay is located in Massac County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Big Bay
    • New Columbia
      (17 miles [27.4 km] to the southwest)
      • New Columbia is located in Massac County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for New Columbia
    • Joppa
      (25 miles [40.2 km] to the southwest)
    • Metropolis
      (26 miles [41.8 km] to the south)
    • Massac City
      (27 miles [43.5 km] to the south)
      • Massac City is located in Massac County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Massac City
    • Brookport
      (28 miles [45.1 km] to the south)
    • Shady Grove
      (28 miles [45.1 km] to the south)
      • Shady Grove is located in Massac County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Shady Grove
    • Unionville
      (28 miles [45.1 km] to the south)
      • Unionville is located in Massac County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Unionville
  • Pulaski County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Watkins Ford, with the one closest to Watkins Ford listed first.
    • Karnak
      (25 miles [40.2 km] to the southwest)
    • New Grand Chain
      (28 miles [45.1 km] to the southwest)
      • New Grand Chain is located in Pulaski County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for New Grand Chain
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 178 people
    • Grand Chain
      (29 miles [46.7 km] to the southwest)
    • Perks
      (29 miles [46.7 km] to the southwest)
  • Saline County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Watkins Ford, with the one closest to Watkins Ford listed first.
    • Stonefort
      (6 miles [9.7 km] to the northwest)
    • Mitchellsville
      (9 miles [14.5 km] to the northeast)
      • Mitchellsville is located in Saline County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Mitchellsville
    • Carrier Mills
      (10 miles [16.1 km] to the north)
      • Carrier Mills is located in Saline County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Carrier Mills
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 1,527 people
      • Former names for Carrier Mills:
      • Carriers Mills
      • Morrilsville
      • Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Carrier Mills <2>
    • Ledford
      (11 miles [17.7 km] to the north)
      • Ledford is located in Saline County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Ledford
    • Liberty
      (13 miles [20.9 km] to the north)
      • Liberty is located in Saline County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Liberty
    • Buena Vista
      (14 miles [22.5 km] to the north)
      • Buena Vista is located in Saline County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Buena Vista
    • Harrisburg
      (14 miles [22.5 km] to the north)
    • Gaskins City
      (14 miles [22.5 km] to the northeast)
      • Gaskins City is located in Saline County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Gaskins City
    • Muddy
      (16 miles [25.7 km] to the north)
    • Cottage Grove
      (18 miles [29 km] to the northeast)
      • Cottage Grove is located in Saline County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Cottage Grove
    • Wasson
      (19 miles [30.6 km] to the northeast)
      • Wasson is located in Saline County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Wasson
    • Raleigh
      (20 miles [32.2 km] to the north)
    • Red Bud ‑ Historic
      (20 miles [32.2 km] to the northeast)
      • Red Bud is located in Saline County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Red Bud
  • Union County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Watkins Ford, with the one closest to Watkins Ford listed first.
    • Lick Creek
      (24 miles [38.6 km] to the west)
      • Lick Creek is located in Union County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Lick Creek
    • Mount Pleasant
      (24 miles [38.6 km] to the west)
      • Mount Pleasant is located in Union County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Mount Pleasant
    • Water Valley
      (29 miles [46.7 km] to the west)
      • Water Valley is located in Union County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Water Valley
  • Williamson County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Watkins Ford, with the one closest to Watkins Ford listed first.
    • Creal Springs
      (12 miles [19.3 km] to the northwest)
    • Lake Crest
      (16 miles [25.7 km] to the west)
      • Lake Crest is located in Williamson County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Lake Crest
    • Hartford
      (18 miles [29 km] to the north)
      • Hartford is located in Williamson County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Hartford
    • Pittsburg
      (20 miles [32.2 km] to the northwest)
    • Corinth
      (21 miles [33.8 km] to the northwest)
      • Corinth is located in Williamson County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Corinth
    • Marion
      (21 miles [33.8 km] to the northwest)
      • Marion is located in Williamson County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Marion
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 17,417 people
      • Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Marion <2>
    • Spillertown
      (22 miles [35.4 km] to the northwest)
      • Spillertown is located in Williamson County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Spillertown
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 197 people
    • Whiteash
      (23 miles [37 km] to the northwest)
      • Whiteash is located in Williamson County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Whiteash
      • Estimated population in 2014: 240 people
    • Johnston City
      (25 miles [40.2 km] to the northwest)
    • Crainville
      (27 miles [43.5 km] to the northwest)
      • Crainville is located in Williamson County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Crainville
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 1,419 people
    • Energy
      (27 miles [43.5 km] to the northwest)
      • Energy is located in Williamson County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Energy
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 1,086 people
      • Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Energy <2>
    • Stiritz
      (27 miles [43.5 km] to the northwest)
      • Stiritz is located in Williamson County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Stiritz
    • Carterville
      (28 miles [45.1 km] to the northwest)
  • Crittenden County (KY)
    • The following are listed by their distance from Watkins Ford, with the one closest to Watkins Ford listed first.
    • Tolu
      (22 miles [35.4 km] to the east)
      • Tolu is located in Crittenden County (KY)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Tolu
    • Sheridan
      (26 miles [41.8 km] to the southeast)
      • Sheridan is located in Crittenden County (KY)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Sheridan
  • Livingston County (KY)
    • The following are listed by their distance from Watkins Ford, with the one closest to Watkins Ford listed first.
    • Carrsville
      (17 miles [27.4 km] to the southeast)
      • Carrsville is located in Livingston County (KY)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Carrsville
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 44 people
    • Hampton
      (22 miles [35.4 km] to the southeast)
      • Hampton is located in Livingston County (KY)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Hampton
    • Lola
      (23 miles [37 km] to the southeast)
      • Lola is located in Livingston County (KY)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Lola
    • Burna
      (24 miles [38.6 km] to the southeast)
      • Burna is located in Livingston County (KY)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Burna
    • Salem
      (28 miles [45.1 km] to the southeast)
      • Salem is located in Livingston County (KY)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Salem
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 717 people
      • Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Salem <2>
    • Smithland
      (30 miles [48.3 km] to the southeast)
  • McCracken County (KY)
    • The following are listed by their distance from Watkins Ford, with the one closest to Watkins Ford listed first.
    • Ragland
      (29 miles [46.7 km] to the southwest)
      • Ragland is located in McCracken County (KY)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Ragland
    • Grahamville
      (30 miles [48.3 km] to the south)
      • Grahamville is located in McCracken County (KY)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Grahamville
  • Union County (KY)
    • Dekoven
      (30 miles [48.3 km] to the east)
      • Dekoven is located in Union County (KY)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Dekoven

For an expanded list of the communities that are closest to Watkins Ford, see our County-by-County Page for Watkins Ford.

Cemeteries Near Watkins Ford ...

Below are cemeteries that are in the vicinity of Watkins Ford.

This is a new section and is likely to have errors. If you find an error, such as a missing cemetery or we have the wrong name, please let us know. If you know of them, we would also appreciate learning about previous or alternate names.

Although we don't have the information ourselves, if you need information about a burial or interment, photos, transcripts, how to contact the cemetery or local authorities, please visit our list of websites on our Genealogy Helper Page for Watkins Ford - one of the links might be able to help.

If not found below, our Cemetery List for Watkins Ford covers a larger area, with the cemeteries listed in alphabetical order.

The following cemeteries are listed based on their distance from Watkins Ford, with the one closest to Watkins Ford listed first.

  • Griffin Cemetery
    (Less than 2 miles to the southwest)
  • Beames Cemetery
    (Less than 2 miles to the northwest)
  • Boulden Cemetery
    (Less than 2 miles to the southeast)
  • Cedar Grove Cemetery
    (2 miles [3.2 km] to the south)
  • Barger Cemetery
    (2 miles [3.2 km] to the southeast)
  • Eddyville Cemetery
    (3 miles [4.8 km] to the southeast)
  • Morse Cemetery
    (3 miles [4.8 km] to the southeast)
  • New Home Cemetery
    (3 miles [4.8 km] to the east)
  • Pleasant Ridge Cemetery
    (3 miles [4.8 km] to the northeast)
  • Zion Cemetery
    (3 miles [4.8 km] to the west)
  • Old Zion Cemetery
    (3 miles [4.8 km] to the west)
  • Whiteside Cemetery
    (4 miles [6.4 km] to the south)
  • Continue List   (531 more) ...
    • Harper Cemetery
      (5 miles [8 km] to the south)
    • New Liberty Cemetery
      (5 miles [8 km] to the south)
    • Old Home Cemetery
      (5 miles [8 km] to the southeast)

Nearby Communities in 1895 ...

We've built the following list with information that came from an Atlas published by Rand McNally in 1895. The Atlas had details such as the population of the community (which appears to have come from the 1890 Census) and whether there was a post office and/or railroad service available. We also indicate if the community no longer exists and is now historic.<4>

While we didn't find Watkins Ford in the Atlas, the following 1895 communities would have been found near the current location of Watkins Ford.

These communities are listed based on their distance from Watkins Ford, with the one closest to Watkins Ford listed first.

  • McCormick
    (2 miles [3.2 km] to the northwest)
    • McCormick is located in Pope County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for McCormick
  • Eddyville
    (3 miles [4.8 km] to the southeast)
  • Glendale
    (6 miles [9.7 km] to the south)
    • Glendale is located in Pope County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Glendale
  • Oak
    (6 miles [9.7 km] to the east)
    • Oak is located in Pope County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Oak
  • Raum
    (7 miles [11.3 km] to the southeast)
    • Raum is located in Pope County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Raum
  • Ozark
    (7 miles [11.3 km] to the west)
  • Simpson
    (8 miles [12.9 km] to the southwest)
  • Rock
    (8 miles [12.9 km] to the south)
    • Rock is located in Pope County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Rock
  • Hartsville
    (8 miles [12.9 km] to the east)
    • Hartsville is located in Pope County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Hartsville
  • New Burnside
    (8 miles [12.9 km] to the west)
  • Lusk
    (9 miles [14.5 km] to the east)
    • Lusk is located in Pope County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Lusk
  • Mitchellsville
    (9 miles [14.5 km] to the northeast)
    • Mitchellsville is located in Saline County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Mitchellsville
  • Continue List   (17 more) ...
    • Parker
      (9 miles [14.5 km] to the west)
      • Parker is located in Johnson County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Parker
    • Carrier Mills
      (10 miles [16.1 km] to the north)
      • Carrier Mills is located in Saline County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Carrier Mills
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 1,527 people
      • Former names for Carrier Mills:
      • Carriers Mills
      • Morrilsville
      • Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Carrier Mills <2>
    • Grantsburg
      (11 miles [17.7 km] to the southwest)

We've also created an expanded list of communities that existed in the 1890's and were located in the area around Watkins Ford. See our List of 1890's Communities around Watkins Ford.

Newspapers Published in Watkins Ford ...

An ongoing effort between the Library of Congress and the National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) has resulted in the National Digital Newspaper Program (NDNP).

To share their results, the partnership has created the Chronicling America website. The goal of this partnership is to assemble a database about the current and historic newspapers of the United States. This includes a growing collection of scanned images from selected papers. All of it available to the public on their website.

Using information that we've taken from the Chronicling America website, we've identified 77 newspapers that have been published in the area around Watkins Ford.

Although we're unaware of any newspapers that were published in the immediate area of Watkins Ford, there are papers which were published within 21 miles [33.8 km]<5>. A list of those papers, sorted by paper name, can be found on the Extended Newspaper List for Watkins Ford.

Websites to Help With Your Genealogy Research ...

When we do our genealogical research, we start with the websites from Cyndi's List, FamilySearch and Genealogy Trails. These helpful websites offer the information directly or else point to where you can find it. Their information is open to everyone.

To help you get started, the following links will take you to the pages that are relevant to Watkins Ford:

Footnotes ...

<1>It's generally believed that possessive apostrophes are removed to prevent confusion on maps where the apostrophe may be confused with a cartographic symbol. While this is generally true, it's not uncommon to find possessive apostrophes in administrative names (such as towns or counties).
<2>While we're fans and frequent users of TripAdvisor, you should know that we're also members of the TripAdvisor affiliate program.
<3>The Find-a-Grave website is an excellent research tool with information about a cemetery's location and interments. They also offer a forum for their members which can provide additional help. More information about Find-a-Grave can be found on their website: findagrave.com.
<4>We use the term 'Historic' broadly and it generally means that the community no longer exists. However, it can also mean that the community might still exist, but was significantly larger or had a more 'official' existence in the past than it does now. Unfortunately our sources of data have proven to be unreliable. If you can provide us with more specific information about Watkins Ford, please let us know so that we can improve our accuracy.
<5>Our distances are not driving distances, but are calculated as a 'point-to-point' distance. A straight line distance ignores obstructions like rivers, canyons, lakes, et cetera - it's truly a line drawn from Point A (ie- Watkins Ford) to Point B. In other words: 'As the crow flies'.