RoadsideThoughts
A Gazetteer for the United States and Canada
Home >> State of Oklahoma >> Bryan County >> Yuba >> Genealogy HelperIndex...










Learn About
The Commemorative
Quarter for
Oklahoma


The Commemorative Quarter for Oklahoma







Our Genealogy Helper

Introduction ...

We have a couple of goals for our Gazetteer:

  • That it be a tool which helps us with planning our trips.
  • We're trying to shape our Gazetteer as a tool to help us understand the community in which our ancestors lived, the community that was part of their daily lives.
  • On our trips, we try to visit those places where our ancestors left their footprints.

By learning about Yuba (and the surrounding area) during the time that our ancestors lived, we hope to have a better understanding of both their community and its relationship to their lifes. We hope that this tool helps to give us an insight into their world.

As we add data and organize our Gazetteer to help with our family research, we will be adding to this our Genealogical Helper for Yuba. While we don't have information that is specific to any given person or family, we intend to expand our understanding about where and how people lived.

Neighboring Counties ...

When searching for family records, we have frequently made the mistake of not checking the neighboring counties.

For example, we have great-grandparents who lived in the northwest corner of their home county. During their lives, most hospitals and doctors were in the next county to the west. Almost all of the nearby churches and cemeteries were in the county to the north.

So when searching for records, we had our best success by looking in neighboring counties instead of the county in which they lived:  their home county contained property and probate records; the county to the west contained birth and death records; the county to the north contained their burial records. If we hadn't included the neighboring counties, we would have missed many valuable sources of information.

If you're in a similar situation, we hope that the following information helps.

Yuba is located in Bryan County.

To see how the shape of Oklahoma's counties have changed over time, we recommend the Atlas of Historical County Boundaries.

The following counties adjoin and form the boundaries of Bryan County: Atoka, Choctaw, Johnston, Marshall, Fannin (TX), Grayson (TX) & Lamar (TX).

Below are the counties that are near Yuba. For each of these counties, we show a sample of those communities that are closest to Yuba:

  • Bryan County     (The home county of Yuba)
    • The following are listed by their distance from Yuba, with the one closest to Yuba listed first.
    • Yarnaby
      (3 miles [4.8 km] to the southwest)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Yarnaby
      • Yarnaby is located in Bryan County
    • Albany
      (5 miles [8 km] to the northeast)
    • Kemp
      (8 miles [12.9 km] to the west)
      • Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Kemp have been provided by the GNIS.<2> The coordinates still need to be verified.
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Kemp
      • Kemp is located in Bryan County
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 156 people
      • Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Kemp <1>
    • Wade
      (9 miles [14.5 km] to the northeast)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Wade
      • Wade is located in Bryan County
    • Achille
      (10 miles [16.1 km] to the west)
      • Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Achille have been provided by the GNIS.<2> The coordinates still need to be verified.
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Achille
      • Achille is located in Bryan County
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 550 people
      • Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Achille <1>
    • Hendrix
      (11 miles [17.7 km] to the west)
      • Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Hendrix have been provided by the GNIS.<2> The coordinates still need to be verified.
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Hendrix
      • Hendrix is located in Bryan County
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 86 people
      • Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Hendrix <1>
    • Bokchito
      (14 miles [22.5 km] to the north)
      • Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Bokchito have been provided by the GNIS.<2> The coordinates still need to be verified.
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Bokchito
      • Bokchito is located in Bryan County
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 704 people
      • Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Bokchito <1>
    • Calera
      (15 miles [24.1 km] to the northwest)
      • Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Calera have been provided by the GNIS.<2> The coordinates still need to be verified.
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Calera
      • Calera is located in Bryan County
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 2,414 people
      • Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Calera <1>
    • Bennington
      (16 miles [25.7 km] to the northeast)
      • Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Bennington have been provided by the GNIS.<2> The coordinates still need to be verified.
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Bennington
      • Bennington is located in Bryan County
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 374 people
      • Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Bennington <1>
    • Durant
      (16 miles [25.7 km] to the northwest)
    • Colbert
      (17 miles [27.4 km] to the west)
    • Armstrong
      (18 miles [29 km] to the northwest)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Armstrong
      • Armstrong is located in Bryan County
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 111 people
    • Cartwright
      (20 miles [32.2 km] to the west)
  • Atoka County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Yuba, with the one closest to Yuba listed first.
    • Bentley
      (28 miles [45.1 km] to the north)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Bentley
      • Bentley is located in Atoka County
    • Caney
      (29 miles [46.7 km] to the north)
  • Choctaw County
    • Boswell
      (24 miles [38.6 km] to the northeast)
  • Johnston County
    • Bee
      (30 miles [48.3 km] to the northwest)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Bee
      • Bee is located in Johnston County
  • Marshall County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Yuba, with the one closest to Yuba listed first.
    • McBride
      (26 miles [41.8 km] to the west)
      • Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for McBride have been provided by the GNIS.<2> The coordinates still need to be verified.
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for McBride
      • McBride is located in Marshall County
    • New Woodville
      (27 miles [43.5 km] to the northwest)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for New Woodville
      • New Woodville is located in Marshall County
      • Population from the 2010 Census: 132 people
    • Cumberland
      (28 miles [45.1 km] to the northwest)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Cumberland
      • Cumberland is located in Marshall County
    • Little City
      (30 miles [48.3 km] to the northwest)
      • Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Little City have been provided by the GNIS.<2> The coordinates still need to be verified.
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Little City
      • Little City is located in Marshall County
  • Fannin County (TX)
    • The following are listed by their distance from Yuba, with the one closest to Yuba listed first.
    • Sowells Bluff
      (4 miles [6.4 km] to the south)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Sowells Bluff
      • Sowells Bluff is located in Fannin County (TX)
    • Ridings
      (7 miles [11.3 km] to the south)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Ridings
      • Ridings is located in Fannin County (TX)
    • Ivanhoe
      (7 miles [11.3 km] to the southeast)
    • Mulberry
      (7 miles [11.3 km] to the southwest)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Mulberry
      • Mulberry is located in Fannin County (TX)
    • Ravenna
      (9 miles [14.5 km] to the south)
    • Telephone
      (10 miles [16.1 km] to the east)
    • Boyd
      (10 miles [16.1 km] to the south)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Boyd
      • Boyd is located in Fannin County (TX)
    • Carson
      (13 miles [20.9 km] to the southeast)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Carson
      • Carson is located in Fannin County (TX)
    • Bonham
      (15 miles [24.1 km] to the south)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Bonham
      • Bonham is located in Fannin County (TX)
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 10,471 people
      • Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Bonham <1>
    • Ector
      (16 miles [25.7 km] to the south)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Ector
      • Ector is located in Fannin County (TX)
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 746 people
      • Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Ector <1>
    • Dodd City
      (17 miles [27.4 km] to the southeast)
    • Savoy
      (17 miles [27.4 km] to the southwest)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Savoy
      • Savoy is located in Fannin County (TX)
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 864 people
      • Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Savoy <1>
    • Allens Chapel
      (18 miles [29 km] to the southeast)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Allens Chapel
      • Allens Chapel is located in Fannin County (TX)
  • Grayson County (TX)
    • The following are listed by their distance from Yuba, with the one closest to Yuba listed first.
    • Bells
      (18 miles [29 km] to the southwest)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Bells
      • Bells is located in Grayson County (TX)
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 1,516 people
      • Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Bells <1>
    • Red River City
      (18 miles [29 km] to the west)
      • Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Red River City have been provided by the GNIS.<2> The coordinates still need to be verified.
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Red River City
      • Red River City is located in Grayson County (TX)
    • Denison
      (19 miles [30.6 km] to the west)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Denison
      • Denison is located in Grayson County (TX)
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 25,792 people
      • Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Denison <1>
    • Ida
      (22 miles [35.4 km] to the southwest)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Ida
      • Ida is located in Grayson County (TX)
    • Whiterock
      (22 miles [35.4 km] to the southwest)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Whiterock
      • Whiterock is located in Grayson County (TX)
    • Frontier Village
      (22 miles [35.4 km] to the west)
      • Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Frontier Village have been provided by the GNIS.<2> The coordinates still need to be verified.
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Frontier Village
      • Frontier Village is located in Grayson County (TX)
    • Twin City
      (22 miles [35.4 km] to the west)
      • Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Twin City have been provided by the GNIS.<2> The coordinates still need to be verified.
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Twin City
      • Twin City is located in Grayson County (TX)
    • Kentucky Town
      (23 miles [37 km] to the southwest)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Kentucky Town
      • Kentucky Town is located in Grayson County (TX)
    • Luella
      (25 miles [40.2 km] to the southwest)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Luella
      • Luella is located in Grayson County (TX)
    • Tom Bean
      (25 miles [40.2 km] to the southwest)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Tom Bean
      • Tom Bean is located in Grayson County (TX)
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 1,073 people
      • Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Tom Bean <1>
    • Knollwood
      (25 miles [40.2 km] to the west)
      • Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Knollwood have been provided by the GNIS.<2> The coordinates still need to be verified.
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Knollwood
      • Knollwood is located in Grayson County (TX)
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 503 people
    • Preston
      (25 miles [40.2 km] to the west)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Preston
      • Preston is located in Grayson County (TX)
    • Pottsboro
      (26 miles [41.8 km] to the west)
  • Lamar County (TX)
    • The following are listed by their distance from Yuba, with the one closest to Yuba listed first.
    • Direct
      (21 miles [33.8 km] to the east)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Direct
      • Direct is located in Lamar County (TX)
    • Petty
      (26 miles [41.8 km] to the southeast)
      • Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Petty have been provided by the GNIS.<2> The coordinates still need to be verified.
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Petty
      • Petty is located in Lamar County (TX)
      • Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Petty <1>
    • Garretts Bluff
      (28 miles [45.1 km] to the east)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Garretts Bluff
      • Garretts Bluff is located in Lamar County (TX)
    • Sumner
      (30 miles [48.3 km] to the east)
      • Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Sumner have been provided by the GNIS.<2> The coordinates still need to be verified.
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Sumner
      • Sumner is located in Lamar County (TX)
      • Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Sumner <1>

For an expanded list of the communities that are closest to Yuba, see our County-by-County Page for Yuba.

Newspapers Published in Yuba ...

An ongoing effort between the Library of Congress and the National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) has resulted in the National Digital Newspaper Program (NDNP).

To share their results, the partnership has created the Chronicling America website. The goal of this partnership is to assemble a database about the current and historic newspapers of the United States. This includes a growing collection of scanned images from selected papers. All of it available to the public on their website.

Using information that we've taken from the Chronicling America website, we've identified 79 newspapers that have been published in the area around Yuba.

Although we're unaware of any newspapers that were published in the immediate area of Yuba, there are papers which were published within 26 miles [41.8 km]<3>. A list of those papers, sorted by paper name, can be found on the Extended Newspaper List for Yuba.

Websites to Help With Your Genealogy Research ...

When we do our genealogical research, we first visit the websites from Cyndi's List, FamilySearch and Genealogy Trails. These helpful websites offer the information directly or else point to where you can find it. Their information is open to everyone.

To help you get started, the following links will take you to the pages that are relevant to Yuba:

Cemeteries Near Yuba ...

Below are cemeteries that are in the vicinity of Yuba.

This is a new section and is likely to have errors. If you find an error, such as a missing cemetery or we have the wrong name, please let us know. If you know of them, we would also appreciate learning about previous or alternate names.

If you need information about a burial or interment, photos, transcripts, how to contact the cemetery or local authorities, please visit our selection of Genealogy Websites (see below).

If not found below, our Cemetery List for Yuba covers a larger area, with the cemeteries listed in alphabetical order.

The following cemeteries are listed based on their distance from Yuba, with the one closest to Yuba listed first.

  • Yarnaby Cemetery
    (4 miles [6.4 km] to the west)
    • Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for the Yarnaby Cemetery have been provided by the GNIS.<2> The coordinates still need to be verified.
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Yarnaby Cemetery
  • Bettis Cemetery
    (5 miles [8 km] to the southeast)
    • Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for the Bettis Cemetery have been provided by the GNIS.<2> The coordinates still need to be verified.
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Bettis Cemetery
  • Union Cemetery
    (6 miles [9.7 km] to the southwest)
    • Note: We haven't been able to verify our GPS coordinates for the Union Cemetery. Although the coordinates have been estimated, they should be in the vicinity.<4>
    • To give a relative sense of its location, the Union Cemetery is located 3 miles [4.8 km]<3> to the south of Ravenna (TX).
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Union Cemetery
    • Jump to Find-A-Grave: FG ID #2396274 <5>
  • Wolf Creek Cemetery
    (6 miles [9.7 km] to the north)
    • Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for the Wolf Creek Cemetery have been provided by the GNIS.<2> The coordinates still need to be verified.
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Wolf Creek Cemetery
  • New Hope Cemetery
    (6 miles [9.7 km] to the southeast)
    • Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for the New Hope Cemetery have been provided by the GNIS.<2> The coordinates still need to be verified.
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the New Hope Cemetery
  • Old Elwood Cemetery
    (6 miles [9.7 km] to the east)
    • Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for the Old Elwood Cemetery have been provided by the GNIS.<2> The coordinates still need to be verified.
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Old Elwood Cemetery
  • Kemp Cemetery
    (7 miles [11.3 km] to the southwest)
    • Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for the Kemp Cemetery have been provided by the GNIS.<2> The coordinates still need to be verified.
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Kemp Cemetery
  • Sandy Cemetery
    (7 miles [11.3 km] to the south)
    • Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for the Sandy Cemetery have been provided by the GNIS.<2> The coordinates still need to be verified.
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Sandy Cemetery
  • Elwood Cemetery
    (7 miles [11.3 km] to the east)
    • Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for the Elwood Cemetery have been provided by the GNIS.<2> The coordinates still need to be verified.
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Elwood Cemetery
  • Spring Hill Cemetery
    (7 miles [11.3 km] to the northeast)
    • Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for the Spring Hill Cemetery have been provided by the GNIS.<2> The coordinates still need to be verified.
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Spring Hill Cemetery
  • Burney Cemetery
    (7 miles [11.3 km] to the northwest)
    • Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for the Burney Cemetery have been provided by the GNIS.<2> The coordinates still need to be verified.
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Burney Cemetery
  • Upper Union Cemetery
    (8 miles [12.9 km] to the south)
    • Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for the Upper Union Cemetery have been provided by the GNIS.<2> The coordinates still need to be verified.
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Upper Union Cemetery
  • Continue List   (248 more) ...
    • Johnson Cemetery
      (9 miles [14.5 km] to the southwest)
      • Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for the Johnson Cemetery have been provided by the GNIS.<2> The coordinates still need to be verified.
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Johnson Cemetery
    • Pilgrims Rest Cemetery
      (9 miles [14.5 km] to the southeast)
      • Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for the Pilgrims Rest Cemetery have been provided by the GNIS.<2> The coordinates still need to be verified.
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for the Pilgrims Rest Cemetery
    • Wade Cemetery
      (9 miles [14.5 km] to the northeast)

Nearby Communities in 1895 ...

We've built the following list with information that came from an Atlas published by Rand McNally in 1895. The Atlas had details such as the population of the community (which appears to have come from the 1890 Census) and whether there was a post office and/or railroad service available. We also indicate if the community no longer exists and is now historic.<6>

While we didn't find Yuba in the Atlas, the following 1895 communities would have been found near the current location of Yuba.

These communities are listed based on their distance from Yuba, with the one closest to Yuba listed first.

  • Duplex
    (4 miles [6.4 km] to the southeast)
    • Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Duplex have been provided by the GNIS.<2> The coordinates still need to be verified.
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Duplex
    • Duplex is located in Fannin County (TX)
  • Mulberry
    (7 miles [11.3 km] to the southwest)
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Mulberry
    • Mulberry is located in Fannin County (TX)
  • Ivanhoe
    (7 miles [11.3 km] to the southeast)
  • Elwood
    (7 miles [11.3 km] to the east)
    • Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Elwood have been provided by the GNIS.<2> The coordinates still need to be verified.
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Elwood
    • Elwood is located in Fannin County (TX)
  • Ravenna
    (9 miles [14.5 km] to the south)
  • Telephone
    (10 miles [16.1 km] to the east)
  • Lamasco
    (11 miles [17.7 km] to the southeast)
    • Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Lamasco have been provided by the GNIS.<2> The coordinates still need to be verified.
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Lamasco
    • Lamasco is located in Fannin County (TX)
  • Bonham
    (15 miles [24.1 km] to the south)
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Bonham
    • Bonham is located in Fannin County (TX)
    • Population from the 2020 Census: 10,471 people
    • Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Bonham <1>
  • Monkstown
    (15 miles [24.1 km] to the east)
    • Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Monkstown have been provided by the GNIS.<2> The coordinates still need to be verified.
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Monkstown
    • Monkstown is located in Fannin County (TX)
  • Ector
    (16 miles [25.7 km] to the south)
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Ector
    • Ector is located in Fannin County (TX)
    • Population from the 2020 Census: 746 people
    • Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Ector <1>
  • Lannius
    (16 miles [25.7 km] to the southeast)
    • Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Lannius have been provided by the GNIS.<2> The coordinates still need to be verified.
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Lannius
    • Lannius is located in Fannin County (TX)
  • Savoy
    (17 miles [27.4 km] to the southwest)
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Savoy
    • Savoy is located in Fannin County (TX)
    • Population from the 2020 Census: 864 people
    • Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Savoy <1>
  • Continue List   (13 more) ...
    • Bells
      (18 miles [29 km] to the southwest)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Bells
      • Bells is located in Grayson County (TX)
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 1,516 people
      • Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Bells <1>
    • Selfs
      (18 miles [29 km] to the southeast)
      • Note: The GPS coordinates that we are using for Selfs have been provided by the GNIS.<2> The coordinates still need to be verified.
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Selfs
      • Selfs is located in Fannin County (TX)
    • Denison
      (19 miles [30.6 km] to the west)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Denison
      • Denison is located in Grayson County (TX)
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 25,792 people
      • Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Denison <1>

We've also created an expanded list of communities that existed in the 1890's and were located in the area around Yuba. See our List of 1890's Communities around Yuba.

Unfortunately, we don't know of a website for Yuba. If you can help, please contact us through our Feedback Page.

The official website for State of Oklahoma: https://www.ok.gov/

Footnotes ...

<1>While we're fans and frequent users of TripAdvisor, you should know that we're also members of the TripAdvisor affiliate program.
<2>The location has been supplied by the Geographic Names Information System - which is maintained by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). While these values should be definitive, we found that accuracy can vary and you should double-check the location if accuracy is required.
<3>Our distances are not driving distances, but are calculated as a 'straight-line' (or point-to-point) distance. A straight line distance ignores things like rivers, canyons, lakes, et cetera - it's truly a line from Point A (ie- Yuba) to Point B.Our distance measurements begin at a specific point in Yuba. The point we use is located at these GPS coordinates - Latitude: 33.8092, Longitude: -96.2053       In this case, the coordinates for Yuba have been provided by the Geographic Names Information System (GNIS).
<4>An 'estimated' location is one where we have been given GPS coordinates, but are unable to verify the accuracy of those coordinates. That said, we have some confidence that we have placed the marker near the actual location. A typical reason for being unable to verify a location is that it might be on private property or maybe historic and gone without an obvious trace.
<5>The Find-a-Grave website is an excellent research tool with information about a cemetery's location and interments. They also offer a forum for their members which can provide additional help. More information about Find-a-Grave can be found on their website: findagrave.com.
<6>We use the term 'Historic' broadly and it generally means that the community no longer exists. However, it can also mean that the community might still exist, but was significantly larger or had a more 'official' existence in the past than it does now. Unfortunately our sources of data have proven to be unreliable. If you can provide us with more specific information about Yuba, please let us know so that we can improve our accuracy.









 

Copyright 2024
All Rights Reserved

Thank you for visiting our website.

In closing, please keep in mind that we can not guarantee the accuracy or timeliness of the information on this website, so use with care. We encourage you to double-check the information that is critical to you.

If you've found an error or have additional information that you would like to share, please don't hesitate to write: Click here to contact us.

This page was last modified/updated: 07 Apr 2024