Miscellaneous Information

Various Identification Codes ...

GNIS Codes ...

The U.S. Board on Geographic Names (BGN) was created to address the problems caused by spelling and naming variations. The BGN will usually recognize an existing name or, when necessary, establish a new name for a geographic feature (such as a mountain, lake, river, stream, city, town, village, dam, bridge, etc).

The BGN names are kept in a database called the Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) and it is the official Federal repository. The GNIS is operated and maintained by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS).

A unique and permanent numeric identifier has been assigned for each name in the GNIS database. These names and identifiers are definitive and it is intended that they are to be used by all departments of the Federal Government:

GNIS ID for East Orange: 885200

GNIS ID for Essex County: 882276

GNIS ID for New Jersey: 1779795

FIPS Codes ...

In a past effort, various federal agencies created a set of codes with a purpose similar to the GNIS codes. These codes are called the Federal Information Processing Standard (or the FIPS 55 codes). Although they are still used by some organizations, the FIPS codes are obsolete and will ultimately be replaced by the GNIS codes.

The following FIPS codes apply to East Orange:

Place (Community) Code:	19390
State Code:	34 (New Jersey)
County Code:	013 (Essex County)

Since the Place and County FIPS codes are not unique and can be repeated in other States, it's necessary to combine the State code with the Place and County FIPS codes to uniquely identify them - for example:

State/Place Code:	34/19390
State/County Code:	34/013

As already mentioned, the FIPS codes are to be replaced by the GNIS codes. The following reflect those changes:

	FIPS Code	translates to	GNIS Code
State of New Jersey:	34		1779795
Essex County:	34/013		882276
East Orange:	34/19390		885200

GPS Location - GNIS vs Census ...

An important aspect of the GNIS code is that it assigns a GPS location (the latitude/longitude) to the geographic feature. This location is simply a point on the map and does not represent the size or shape of the feature. In the case of East Orange, it is a point within East Orange that might be a post office, the city hall or simply an intersection - the point should really be considered arbitrary and only indicating a general location.

For East Orange, the GNIS GPS location is given as:

Lat:   40° 45' 57"   (or 40.77°)

Lon:   -74° 12' 42"   (or -74.21°)  

Determined by its statistical needs, the Census Bureau has defined a sampling area for East Orange - this area also contains a map point. As with the GNIS code, the location of the Census point should be considered as being arbitrary within the sampling area.

For East Orange, the Census 2010 GPS location is given as:

Lat:   40° 45' 54"   (or 40.77°)

Lon:   -74° 12' 42"   (or -74.21°)  

The map point defined by the Census Bureau lies 319.7 feet to the south<1> of the point given by the GNIS (see above).

You might note that the GPS location given for the 2010 Census is different than the location that was specified by the 2000 Census:

Lat:   40° 45' 57"   (or 40.77°)

Lon:   -74° 12' 42"   (or -74.21°)  

The GPS location given for the 2000 Census lies 364.4 feet to the north<2> of the point given by the 2010 Census.

Regional Codes ...

For statistical purposes, the US Census Bureau has divided the country into four Regions. East Orange is located in Region #1 (the Northeast Region).

In turn, the US Census Bureau has further divided each Region into Divisions. East Orange is located in Division #2 (the Middle Atlantic Division).

The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) has created ten Federal Regions. East Orange is located in Region II (Region 2).

The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) has created ten Management Regions. East Orange is located in Region II (Region 2).

ZIP Codes ...

While some people have used a ZIP code to identify a community, the purpose of the ZIP code was to make mail delivery more efficient by grouping addresses together. Although the ZIP Code doesn't specifically identify a city like East Orange, it does identify addresses that are in (or near) East Orange. It's important to remember that the boundaries of a ZIP Code are defined by the needs of the USPS and can be changed, re-assigned or overlapped with other ZIP Codes.

The ZIP code for East Orange: 07017<3>

Referenced GNIS Records ...

GNIS ID #876059   (Name of Record: East Orange)

Class: populated place

A place or area having clustered or scattered buildings and a permanent population (such as a city, settlement, town or village). The boundaries may or may not coincide with the perceived population.

A 'populated place' record may have a corresponding 'census' or 'civil' record. The information contained in the 'populated place' record applies only to the class and should not be confused with either the 'census' and 'civil' classes.

County: Essex

Map Name: Orange

Lat: 40.767323       Lon: -74.2048677  

Elev: 48 ft.

GNIS ID #885200   (Name of Record: City of East Orange)

Class: civil

A political division formed for administrative purposes (such as a borough, county, incorporated place, parish, town or township).

A 'civil' record may have a corresponding 'census' or 'populated place' record. The information contained in the 'civil' record applies only to the class and should not be confused with either the 'census' and 'populated place' classes.

County: Essex

Map Name: Orange

Lat: 40.7659341       Lon: -74.2118123  

Elev: 50 ft.

Referenced FIPS Records ...

FIPS Code: 34/19390   (Place Name: East Orange)

County: Essex     (FIPS State/County: 34/013)

Class: C5

GSA Code: 800

MRF Code: 1665

MSA Code: 5640

Off-the-Road Links ...

The official website for East Orange: www.eastorange-nj.org/

The official website for Essex County: www.co.essex.nj.us/

The official website for State of New Jersey: https://www.state.nj.us/

The official website of the U.S. Board on Geographic Names (BGN)

The official website of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)

The official website of the U.S. Census Bureau

The official website of the U.S. Office of Management and Budget (OMB)

The official website of the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)