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Our Genealogy Helper

Introduction ...

We have a couple of goals for our Gazetteer:

  • That it be a tool which helps us with planning our trips.
  • We're trying to shape our Gazetteer as a tool to help us understand the community in which our ancestors lived, the community that was part of their daily lives.
  • On our trips, we try to visit those places where our ancestors left their footprints.

By learning about Cooper (and the surrounding area) during the time that our ancestors lived, we hope to have a better understanding of both their community and its relationship to their lifes. We hope that this tool helps to give us an insight into their world.

As we add data and organize our Gazetteer to help with our family research, we will be adding to this our Genealogical Helper for Cooper. While we don't have information that is specific to any given person or family, we intend to expand our understanding about where and how people lived.

Neighboring Counties ...

When searching for family records, we have frequently made the mistake of not checking the neighboring counties.

For example, we have great-grandparents who lived in the northwest corner of their home county. During their lives, most doctors and hospitals were in the next county to the west. Almost all of the nearby churches and cemeteries were in the county to the north.

So when searching for records, we had our best success by looking in neighboring counties instead of the county in which they lived:  their home county contained property and probate records; the county to the west contained birth and death records; the county to the north contained their burial records. If we hadn't included the neighboring counties, we would have missed many valuable sources of information.

If you're in a similar situation, we hope that the following information helps.

Cooper is located in Harford County.

To see how the shape of Maryland's counties may have changed over time, we recommend the Atlas of Historical County Boundaries.

The following counties adjoin and form the boundaries of Harford County: Baltimore, Cecil, Kent, Lancaster (PA) & York (PA).

Below are the counties that are near Cooper. For each of these counties, we show a sample of those communities that are closest to Cooper:

  • Harford County     (The home county of Cooper)
    • The following are listed by their distance from Cooper, with the one closest to Cooper listed first.
    • Dublin
      (3 miles [4.8 km] to the south)
      • Dublin is located in Harford County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Dublin
    • Scarboro
      (3 miles [4.8 km] to the south)
      • Scarboro is located in Harford County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Scarboro
    • Cambria
      (3 miles [4.8 km] to the west)
      • Cambria is located in Harford County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Cambria
    • Whiteford
      (3 miles [4.8 km] to the west)
    • Poole
      (4 miles [6.4 km] to the south)
      • Poole is located in Harford County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Poole
    • Pylesville
      (4 miles [6.4 km] to the west)
    • Darlington
      (5 miles [8 km] to the southeast)
    • Street
      (5 miles [8 km] to the southwest)
    • Kalmia
      (6 miles [9.7 km] to the south)
      • Kalmia is located in Harford County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Kalmia
    • Conowingo Village
      (6 miles [9.7 km] to the southeast)
      • Conowingo Village is located in Harford County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Conowingo Village
    • Glenville
      (7 miles [11.3 km] to the southeast)
      • Glenville is located in Harford County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Glenville
    • Chestnut Hill
      (7 miles [11.3 km] to the southwest)
      • Chestnut Hill is located in Harford County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Chestnut Hill
    • Stafford ‑ Historic
      (8 miles [12.9 km] to the southeast)
      • Stafford is located in Harford County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Stafford
  • Baltimore City
    • The following are listed by their distance from Cooper, with the one closest to Cooper listed first.
    • Anthonyville
      (28 miles [45.1 km] to the southwest)
      • Anthonyville is located in Baltimore City
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Anthonyville
    • Lauraville
      (28 miles [45.1 km] to the southwest)
      • Lauraville is located in Baltimore City
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Lauraville
    • Gardenville
      (29 miles [46.7 km] to the southwest)
      • Gardenville is located in Baltimore City
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Gardenville
    • Homeland
      (29 miles [46.7 km] to the southwest)
      • Homeland is located in Baltimore City
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Homeland
    • Guilford
      (30 miles [48.3 km] to the southwest)
      • Guilford is located in Baltimore City
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Guilford
    • Waverly
      (30 miles [48.3 km] to the southwest)
      • Waverly is located in Baltimore City
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Waverly
  • Baltimore County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Cooper, with the one closest to Cooper listed first.
    • Gorsuch Mills
      (16 miles [25.7 km] to the west)
      • Gorsuch Mills is located in Baltimore County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Gorsuch Mills
    • Shane
      (16 miles [25.7 km] to the west)
      • Shane is located in Baltimore County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Shane
    • Trump
      (16 miles [25.7 km] to the west)
      • Trump is located in Baltimore County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Trump
    • Jerusalem Mills
      (17 miles [27.4 km] to the south)
      • Jerusalem Mills is located in Baltimore County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Jerusalem Mills
    • Baldwin
      (17 miles [27.4 km] to the southwest)
    • Franklinville
      (18 miles [29 km] to the south)
      • Franklinville is located in Baltimore County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Franklinville
    • Kingsville
      (18 miles [29 km] to the south)
    • Fork
      (18 miles [29 km] to the southwest)
    • Hydes
      (18 miles [29 km] to the southwest)
    • Stablersville
      (18 miles [29 km] to the west)
      • Stablersville is located in Baltimore County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Stablersville
    • Bradshaw
      (19 miles [30.6 km] to the south)
    • Knoebel
      (19 miles [30.6 km] to the southwest)
      • Knoebel is located in Baltimore County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Knoebel
    • Maryland Line
      (19 miles [30.6 km] to the west)
      • Maryland Line is located in Baltimore County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Maryland Line
  • Carroll County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Cooper, with the one closest to Cooper listed first.
    • Roller
      (27 miles [43.5 km] to the west)
      • Roller is located in Carroll County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Roller
    • Young Mans Fancy
      (27 miles [43.5 km] to the west)
      • Young Mans Fancy is located in Carroll County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Young Mans Fancy
    • Lineboro
      (29 miles [46.7 km] to the west)
      • Lineboro is located in Carroll County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Lineboro
    • Rockbrook Village
      (29 miles [46.7 km] to the west)
      • Rockbrook Village is located in Carroll County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Rockbrook Village
    • Hampstead
      (30 miles [48.3 km] to the west)
  • Cecil County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Cooper, with the one closest to Cooper listed first.
    • Bald Friar ‑ Historic
      (4 miles [6.4 km] to the east)
      • Bald Friar is located in Cecil County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Bald Friar
    • Oakwood
      (5 miles [8 km] to the east)
      • Oakwood is located in Cecil County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Oakwood
    • Conowingo
      (6 miles [9.7 km] to the east)
    • Rock Springs
      (6 miles [9.7 km] to the east)
      • Rock Springs is located in Cecil County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Rock Springs
    • Rowlandsville
      (7 miles [11.3 km] to the east)
      • Rowlandsville is located in Cecil County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Rowlandsville
    • Liberty Grove
      (9 miles [14.5 km] to the east)
      • Liberty Grove is located in Cecil County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Liberty Grove
    • Colora
      (10 miles [16.1 km] to the east)
    • Rock Run
      (10 miles [16.1 km] to the southeast)
      • Rock Run is located in Cecil County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Rock Run
    • Mason Dixon Village
      (11 miles [17.7 km] to the east)
      • Mason Dixon Village is located in Cecil County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Mason Dixon Village
    • Rising Sun
      (11 miles [17.7 km] to the east)
    • Port Deposit
      (11 miles [17.7 km] to the southeast)
    • Winchester Village
      (12 miles [19.3 km] to the east)
      • Winchester Village is located in Cecil County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Winchester Village
    • Frenchtown
      (13 miles [20.9 km] to the southeast)
      • Frenchtown is located in Cecil County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Frenchtown
  • Kent County
    • The following are listed by their distance from Cooper, with the one closest to Cooper listed first.
    • Betterton
      (25 miles [40.2 km] to the southeast)
    • Coleman
      (26 miles [41.8 km] to the southeast)
      • Coleman is located in Kent County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Coleman
    • Still Pond
      (28 miles [45.1 km] to the southeast)
      • Still Pond is located in Kent County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Still Pond
    • Lynch
      (30 miles [48.3 km] to the southeast)
      • Lynch is located in Kent County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Lynch
  • Montgomery County
    • High Point Estates
      (11 miles [17.7 km] to the southwest)
      • High Point Estates is located in Montgomery County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for High Point Estates
  • New Castle County (DE)
    • The following are listed by their distance from Cooper, with the one closest to Cooper listed first.
    • Newark
      (28 miles [45.1 km] to the east)
      • Newark is located in New Castle County (DE)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Newark
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 33,849 people
      • Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Newark <1>
    • Pencader Village
      (28 miles [45.1 km] to the east)
      • Pencader Village is located in New Castle County (DE)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Pencader Village
    • Brookside
      (29 miles [46.7 km] to the east)
      • Brookside is located in New Castle County (DE)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Brookside
    • Glasgow
      (29 miles [46.7 km] to the east)
      • Glasgow is located in New Castle County (DE)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Glasgow
    • Wilson
      (29 miles [46.7 km] to the east)
      • Wilson is located in New Castle County (DE)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Wilson
    • Windy Hills
      (29 miles [46.7 km] to the east)
      • Windy Hills is located in New Castle County (DE)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Windy Hills
    • York Towne
      (29 miles [46.7 km] to the east)
      • York Towne is located in New Castle County (DE)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for York Towne
    • North Star
      (30 miles [48.3 km] to the east)
      • North Star is located in New Castle County (DE)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for North Star
    • Pike Creek
      (30 miles [48.3 km] to the east)
      • Pike Creek is located in New Castle County (DE)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Pike Creek
    • Ruthby
      (30 miles [48.3 km] to the east)
      • Ruthby is located in New Castle County (DE)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Ruthby
    • Southwood
      (30 miles [48.3 km] to the east)
      • Southwood is located in New Castle County (DE)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Southwood
    • The Village of Drummond Hill
      (30 miles [48.3 km] to the east)
  • Chester County (PA)
    • The following are listed by their distance from Cooper, with the one closest to Cooper listed first.
    • Glen Roy
      (13 miles [20.9 km] to the east)
      • Glen Roy is located in Chester County (PA)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Glen Roy
    • Hopewell
      (15 miles [24.1 km] to the east)
      • Hopewell is located in Chester County (PA)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Hopewell
    • Mount Vernon
      (15 miles [24.1 km] to the northeast)
      • Mount Vernon is located in Chester County (PA)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Mount Vernon
    • Tweedale
      (15 miles [24.1 km] to the northeast)
      • Tweedale is located in Chester County (PA)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Tweedale
    • Barnsley
      (16 miles [25.7 km] to the east)
      • Barnsley is located in Chester County (PA)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Barnsley
    • Chrome
      (16 miles [25.7 km] to the east)
      • Chrome is located in Chester County (PA)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Chrome
    • Oxford
      (17 miles [27.4 km] to the east)
      • Oxford is located in Chester County (PA)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Oxford
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 5,594 people
      • Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Oxford <1>
    • Elkview
      (21 miles [33.8 km] to the east)
      • Elkview is located in Chester County (PA)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Elkview
    • Jennersville
      (23 miles [37 km] to the east)
      • Jennersville is located in Chester County (PA)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Jennersville
    • Atglen
      (23 miles [37 km] to the northeast)
      • Atglen is located in Chester County (PA)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Atglen
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 1,403 people
      • Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Atglen <1>
    • Kemblesville
      (24 miles [38.6 km] to the east)
      • Kemblesville is located in Chester County (PA)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Kemblesville
    • Daleville
      (24 miles [38.6 km] to the northeast)
      • Daleville is located in Chester County (PA)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Daleville
    • Lenover
      (25 miles [40.2 km] to the northeast)
      • Lenover is located in Chester County (PA)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Lenover
  • Lancaster County (PA)
    • The following are listed by their distance from Cooper, with the one closest to Cooper listed first.
    • Benton
      (5 miles [8 km] to the north)
      • Benton is located in Lancaster County (PA)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Benton
    • McSparran
      (6 miles [9.7 km] to the northeast)
      • McSparran is located in Lancaster County (PA)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for McSparran
    • Furniss
      (7 miles [11.3 km] to the northeast)
      • Furniss is located in Lancaster County (PA)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Furniss
    • Kirks Mills
      (9 miles [14.5 km] to the northeast)
      • Kirks Mills is located in Lancaster County (PA)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Kirks Mills
    • Little Britain
      (10 miles [16.1 km] to the northeast)
      • Little Britain is located in Lancaster County (PA)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Little Britain
    • Oak Hill
      (11 miles [17.7 km] to the northeast)
      • Oak Hill is located in Lancaster County (PA)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Oak Hill
    • Buck
      (12 miles [19.3 km] to the north)
      • Buck is located in Lancaster County (PA)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Buck
    • Mount Nebo
      (12 miles [19.3 km] to the north)
      • Mount Nebo is located in Lancaster County (PA)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Mount Nebo
    • Mechanic Grove
      (12 miles [19.3 km] to the northeast)
      • Mechanic Grove is located in Lancaster County (PA)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Mechanic Grove
    • Summerhill
      (12 miles [19.3 km] to the northeast)
      • Summerhill is located in Lancaster County (PA)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Summerhill
    • Truce
      (13 miles [20.9 km] to the north)
      • Truce is located in Lancaster County (PA)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Truce
    • Colemanville
      (14 miles [22.5 km] to the north)
      • Colemanville is located in Lancaster County (PA)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Colemanville
    • Union
      (14 miles [22.5 km] to the north)
      • Union is located in Lancaster County (PA)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Union
  • York County (PA)
    • The following are listed by their distance from Cooper, with the one closest to Cooper listed first.
    • Slate Hill
      (2 miles [3.2 km] to the north)
      • Slate Hill is located in York County (PA)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Slate Hill
    • Delta
      (3 miles [4.8 km] to the northwest)
      • Delta is located in York County (PA)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Delta
      • Population from the 2020 Census: 720 people
      • Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Delta <1>
    • Bryansville
      (5 miles [8 km] to the northwest)
      • Bryansville is located in York County (PA)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Bryansville
    • Castle Fin
      (5 miles [8 km] to the northwest)
      • Castle Fin is located in York County (PA)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Castle Fin
    • Susquehanna Trails
      (6 miles [9.7 km] to the northwest)
      • Susquehanna Trails is located in York County (PA)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Susquehanna Trails
    • Slab
      (7 miles [11.3 km] to the northwest)
      • Slab is located in York County (PA)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Slab
    • Kyleville
      (9 miles [14.5 km] to the northwest)
      • Kyleville is located in York County (PA)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Kyleville
    • Fawn Grove
      (9 miles [14.5 km] to the west)
    • New Freedom
      (9 miles [14.5 km] to the west)
    • Stewartstown
      (9 miles [14.5 km] to the west)
    • Airville
      (11 miles [17.7 km] to the northwest)
    • Bruce
      (11 miles [17.7 km] to the northwest)
      • Bruce is located in York County (PA)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Bruce
    • Muddy Creek Forks
      (12 miles [19.3 km] to the northwest)
      • Muddy Creek Forks is located in York County (PA)
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Muddy Creek Forks

For an expanded list of the communities that are closest to Cooper, see our County-by-County Page for Cooper.

Cemeteries Near Cooper ...

Below are cemeteries that are in the vicinity of Cooper.

This is a new section and is likely to have errors. If you find an error, such as a missing cemetery or we have the wrong name, please let us know. If you know of them, we would also appreciate learning about previous or alternate names.

Although we don't have the information ourselves, if you need information about a burial or interment, photos, transcripts, how to contact the cemetery or local authorities, please visit our list of websites on our Genealogy Helper Page for Cooper - one of the links might be able to help.

If not found below, our Cemetery List for Cooper covers a larger area, with the cemeteries listed in alphabetical order.

The following cemeteries are listed based on their distance from Cooper, with the one closest to Cooper listed first.

  • Mt. Vernon Cemetery
    (Less than 2 miles to the west)
  • Tabernacle Cemetery
    (Less than 2 miles to the northeast)
  • Broad Creek Cemetery
    (2 miles [3.2 km] to the south)
  • Coopers Cemetery
    (2 miles [3.2 km] to the northeast)
  • Ascension Cemetery
    (3 miles [4.8 km] to the south)
  • Dublin Cemetery
    (3 miles [4.8 km] to the south)
  • Southern Cemetery
    (3 miles [4.8 km] to the south)
  • Mt. Zion Cemetery
    (3 miles [4.8 km] to the northwest)
  • Slate Ridge Cemetery
    (3 miles [4.8 km] to the northwest)
  • Emory Cemetery
    (4 miles [6.4 km] to the southwest)
  • St. James Cemetery
    (4 miles [6.4 km] to the southeast)
  • Hosanna Cemetery
    (4 miles [6.4 km] to the southeast)
  • Continue List   (281 more) ...
    • Highland Cemetery
      (5 miles [8 km] to the southwest)
    • Trappe Cemetery
      (5 miles [8 km] to the south)
    • Deer Creek Cemetery
      (5 miles [8 km] to the southeast)

Nearby Communities in 1895 ...

We've built the following list with information that came from an Atlas published by Rand McNally in 1895. The Atlas had details such as the population of the community (which appears to have come from the 1890 Census) and whether there was a post office and/or railroad service available. We also indicate if the community no longer exists and is now historic.<3>

The Rand McNally Atlas shows that in 1895, Cooper had a post office and no railroad service.

These communities are listed based on their distance from Cooper, with the one closest to Cooper listed first.

  • Prospect
    (Less than 2 miles to the southwest)
    • Prospect is located in Harford County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Prospect
  • Macton
    (Less than 2 miles to the south)
    • Macton is located in Harford County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Macton
  • Flintville ‑ Historic
    (2 miles [3.2 km] to the east)
    • Flintville is located in Harford County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Flintville
  • Slate Hill
    (2 miles [3.2 km] to the north)
    • Slate Hill is located in York County (PA)
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Slate Hill
  • Mill Green
    (3 miles [4.8 km] to the southwest)
    • Mill Green is located in Harford County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Mill Green
  • Scarboro
    (3 miles [4.8 km] to the south)
    • Scarboro is located in Harford County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Scarboro
  • Dublin
    (3 miles [4.8 km] to the south)
    • Dublin is located in Harford County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Dublin
  • Ailston
    (3 miles [4.8 km] to the northwest)
    • Ailston is located in York County (PA)
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Ailston
  • Delta
    (3 miles [4.8 km] to the northwest)
    • Delta is located in York County (PA)
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Delta
    • Population from the 2020 Census: 720 people
    • Jump to TripAdvisor's Tourism page for Delta <1>
  • Cambria
    (3 miles [4.8 km] to the west)
    • Cambria is located in Harford County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Cambria
  • Whiteford
    (3 miles [4.8 km] to the west)
  • Castleton
    (4 miles [6.4 km] to the southeast)
    • Castleton is located in Harford County
    • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Castleton
  • Continue List   (19 more) ...
    • Bald Friar ‑ Historic
      (4 miles [6.4 km] to the east)
      • Bald Friar is located in Cecil County
      • Jump to our Gazetteer entry for Bald Friar
    • Pylesville
      (4 miles [6.4 km] to the west)
    • Street
      (5 miles [8 km] to the southwest)

We've also created an expanded list of communities that existed in the 1890's and were located in the area around Cooper. See our List of 1890's Communities around Cooper.

Newspapers Published in Cooper ...

An ongoing effort between the Library of Congress and the National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) has resulted in the National Digital Newspaper Program (NDNP).

To share their results, the partnership has created the Chronicling America website. The goal of this partnership is to assemble a database about the current and historic newspapers of the United States. This includes a growing collection of scanned images from selected papers. All of it available to the public on their website.

Using information that we've taken from the Chronicling America website, we've identified 6 newspapers that have been published in the area around Cooper.

Although we're unaware of any newspapers that were published in the immediate area of Cooper, there are papers which were published within 5 miles [8 km]<4>. A list of those papers, sorted by paper name, can be found on the Extended Newspaper List for Cooper.

Websites to Help With Your Genealogy Research ...

When we do our genealogical research, we start with the websites from Cyndi's List, FamilySearch and Genealogy Trails. These professional and volunteer websites offer the information directly or else point to where you can find it. Their information is open to everyone.

To help you get started, the following links will take you to the pages that are relevant to Cooper:

Footnotes ...

<1>While we're fans and frequent users of TripAdvisor, you should know that we're also members of the TripAdvisor affiliate program.
<2>The Find-a-Grave website is an excellent research tool with information about a cemetery's location and interments. They also offer a forum for their members which can provide additional help. More information about Find-a-Grave can be found on their website: findagrave.com.
<3>We use the term 'Historic' broadly and it generally means that the community no longer exists. However, it can also mean that the community might still exist, but was significantly larger or had a more 'official' existence in the past than it does now. Unfortunately our sources of data have proven to be unreliable. If you can provide us with more specific information about Cooper, please let us know so that we can improve our accuracy.
<4>Our distances are not driving distances, but are calculated as a 'straight-line' (or point-to-point) distance. A straight line distance ignores obstructions like rivers, canyons, lakes, et cetera - it's truly a line from Point A (ie- Cooper) to Point B. In other words: 'As the crow flies'.