Miscellaneous Information
Various Identification Codes ...
GNIS Codes ...
The U.S. Board on Geographic Names (BGN) was created to address the problems caused by spelling and naming variations. The BGN will usually recognize an existing name or, when necessary, chose a new name for a geographic feature (such as a mountain, lake, river, stream, city, town, village, dam, bridge, etc).
The BGN names are kept in a database called the Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) and it is the official Federal repository. The GNIS is operated and maintained by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS).
A unique and permanent numeric identifier has been assigned for each name in the GNIS database. These names and identifiers are definitive and it is intended that they are to be used by all departments of the Federal Government:
GNIS ID for Peru: 1462172
GNIS ID for Bennington County: 1461758
GNIS ID for Vermont: 1779802
FIPS Codes ...
In a past effort, various federal agencies created a set of codes with a purpose similar to the GNIS codes. These codes are called the Federal Information Processing Standard (or the FIPS 55 codes). Although they are still used by some organizations, the FIPS codes are obsolete and will ultimately be replaced by the GNIS codes.
The following FIPS codes apply to Peru:
| Place (Community) Code: | 55000 |
| State Code: | 50 (Vermont) |
| County Code: | 003 (Bennington County) |
Since the Place and County FIPS codes are not unique and can be repeated in other States, it's necessary to combine the State code with the Place and County FIPS codes to uniquely identify them - for example:
| State/Place Code: | 50/55000 |
| State/County Code: | 50/003 |
As already mentioned, the FIPS codes are to be replaced by the GNIS codes. The following reflect those changes:
| FIPS Code | translates to | GNIS Code | |
| State of Vermont: | 50 | 1779802 | |
| Bennington County: | 50/003 | 1461758 | |
| Peru: | 50/55000 | 1462172 |
GPS Location - GNIS vs Census ...
An important aspect of the GNIS code is that it assigns a GPS location (the latitude/longitude) to the geographic feature. This location is simply a point on the map and does not represent the size or shape of the feature. In the case of Peru, it is a point within Peru that might be a post office, the city hall or simply an intersection - the point should really be considered arbitrary and only indicating a general location.
For Peru, the GNIS GPS location is given as:
Lat: 43° 15' 43" (or 43.26°)
Lon: -72° 54' 9" (or -72.9°)
Determined by its statistical needs, the Census Bureau has defined a sampling area for Peru - this area also contains a map point. As with the GNIS code, the location of the Census point should be considered as being arbitrary within the sampling area.
For Peru, the Census 2010 GPS location is given as:
Lat: 43° 16' 49" (or 43.28°)
Lon: -72° 55' 42" (or -72.93°)
The map point defined by the Census Bureau lies 9,555 feet to the northwest<1> of the point given by the GNIS (see above).
You might note that the GPS location given for the 2010 Census is different than the location that was specified by the 2000 Census:
Lat: 43° 14' 38" (or 43.24°)
Lon: -72° 53' 54" (or -72.9°)
The GPS location given for the 2000 Census lies 2 miles to the southeast<2> of the point given by the 2010 Census.
Regional Codes ...
For statistical purposes, the US Census Bureau has divided the country into four Regions. Peru is located in Region #1 (the Northeast Region).
In turn, the US Census Bureau has further divided each Region into Divisions. Peru is located in Division #1 (the New England Division).
The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) has created ten Federal Regions. Peru is located in Region I (Region 1).
The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) has created ten Management Regions. Peru is located in Region I (Region 1).
Referenced GNIS Records ...
GNIS ID #1462172 (Name of Record: Town of Peru)
Class: civil
A political division formed for administrative purposes (such as a borough, county, incorporated place, parish, town or township).
A 'civil' record may have a corresponding 'census' or 'populated place' record. The information contained in the 'civil' record applies only to the class and should not be confused with either the 'census' and 'populated place' classes.
County: Bennington
Map Name: Danby
Lat: 43.2620191 Lon: -72.9026007
Elev: 498 ft.
Referenced FIPS Records ...
FIPS Code: 50/55000 (Place Name: Peru (Town of))
County: Bennington (FIPS State/County: 50/003)
Class: T1
Off-the-Road Links ...
Unfortunately, we don't know of a website for Peru. If you can help, please contact us through our Feedback Page.
The official website for State of Vermont: https://www.vermont.gov/
The official website of the U.S. Board on Geographic Names (BGN)
The official website of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)
The official website of the U.S. Census Bureau
The official website of the U.S. Office of Management and Budget (OMB)
The official website of the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)